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Fiscal constitutions: An empirical assessment

Author

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  • Hansjörg Blöchliger

    (OECD)

  • Jaroslaw Kantorowicz

    (Organization of American States)

Abstract

Fiscal constitutions comprise the set of rules and frameworks guiding fiscal policy that are enshrined in a country’s fundamental laws. This paper compares the fiscal constitutions of 15 federal countries by empirically assessing five building blocks: 1) the power of sub-national governments to conduct their own fiscal policy; 2) the degree to which sub-national governments are held responsible for fiscal policy outcomes; 3) the extent to which sub-national governments can shape fiscal policy of the federal level; 4) the strength of intergovernmental budget rules; and 5) the stability of fiscal policy arrangements. The results can be summarised as follows: Countries can be ranked along a single indicator, namely the degree of constitutionally guaranteed decentralisation. They can also be ranked along an indicator of institutional coherence which measures the extent to which building blocks “fit together”. From 1917 to 2013, fiscal autonomy and responsibility declined – except in the 80s and 90s of the 20th century – while co-determination and budget frameworks were strengthened, and institutional coherence rose. Simple correlations suggest that the extent of decentralisation hardly affects fiscal outcomes such as deficits, debt or vulnerability to crises, while institutional coherence (or incoherence for that purpose) does. Une évaluation empirique des constitutions budgétaires Une constitution budgétaire est composée d’un ensemble de règles et de dispositions d’orientation de la politique budgétaire, qui sont inscrites dans la loi fondamentale d’un pays. Ce document compare la constitution budgétaire de 15 pays à structure fédérale en procédant à une évaluation empirique de cinq de leurs éléments constitutifs : 1) le pouvoir conféré aux administrations infranationales pour conduire leur propre politique budgétaire ; 2) le degré de responsabilité des administrations infranationales vis-à-vis des résultats de leur politique budgétaire ; 3) la marge de manoeuvre des administrations infranationales dans l’élaboration de la politique budgétaire de l’État fédéral ; 4) la solidité de règles budgétaires inter-administrations, et 5) la stabilité des dispositions de politique budgétaire. Les résultats peuvent se résumer ainsi : les pays peuvent être classés à l’aune d’un indicateur unique, en l’espèce le degré de décentralisation constitutionnelle. Ils peuvent également être classés en fonction d’un indicateur de cohérence institutionnelle, qui mesure le degré de cohésion entre les différents éléments constitutifs. Le degré d’autonomie et de responsabilité sur les questions budgétaires a reculé de 1917 à 2013 – sauf dans les années 80 et 90 du siècle dernier – alors que les mécanismes de codécision et les cadres budgétaires se renforçaient et que la cohérence institutionnelle gagnait du terrain. Des corrélations simples laissent à penser que le degré de décentralisation joue à peine sur la situation budgétaire et notamment sur les déficits, l’endettement ou la vulnérabilité aux crises, alors que la cohérence institutionnelle (ou l’incohérence, en l’espèce) joue un rôle.

Suggested Citation

  • Hansjörg Blöchliger & Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, 2015. "Fiscal constitutions: An empirical assessment," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1248, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1248-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrxjctrxp8r-en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Baldi, Guido & Forster, Stephan, 2019. "Political Budget Cycles: Evidence from Swiss Cantons," EconStor Preprints 195930, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    2. Asatryan, Zareh & Castellón, César & Stratmann, Thomas, 2018. "Balanced budget rules and fiscal outcomes: Evidence from historical constitutions," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 105-119.
    3. Hansjörg Blöchliger & Olivier Durand-Lasserve, 2018. "The drivers of regional growth in Russia: A baseline model with applications," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1523, OECD Publishing.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    cadre budgétaire; fiscal federalism; fiscal policy framework; fédéralisme budgétaire; politique budgétaire;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H10 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - General
    • H70 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - General

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