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Nonparametric Estimation of Average Volatility Differentials in Selection Models with an Application to Returns to Schooling

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Stacey Chen

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Abstract

We consider identification and estimation of a selection model in which the variance of the outcome variable, as well as the mean, depends on selection. Under a bivariate symmetry condition, we show that the average volatility differential, defined as the difference in variance levels between those who selected and those who did not, can be identified by a matching method involving conditional interquartile ranges. An estimation procedure, based on nonparametric quantile regressions and kernel weighted matching methods, is proposed, and its asymptotic properties are derived. A simulation study indicates the new estimator performs well in finite samples. The estimator is applied to measure the volatility differential of log wage rates for college versus high school careers. We find that the volatility differential is significantly positive for a four-year college education but almost zero for a two-year college education. Results indicate that the volatility differential of a four-year college fell by more than 50 percent from the 1980's to the 1990's.

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Paper provided by University at Albany, SUNY, Department of Economics in its series Discussion Papers with number 03-02.

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Date of creation: 2003
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Handle: RePEc:nya:albaec:03-02

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Postal: Department of Economics, BA 110 University at Albany State University of New York Albany, NY 12222 U.S.A.
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Postal: Department of Economics, BA 110 University at Albany State University of New York Albany, NY 12222 U.S.A.
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Related research
Keywords: self selection models average volatility differential nonparametric quantile regression schooling choice.

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models
C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods
C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General - - - Estimation

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Heckman, James J, 1979. "Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 47(1), pages 153-61, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Powell, James L & Stock, James H & Stoker, Thomas M, 1989. "Semiparametric Estimation of Index Coefficients," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 57(6), pages 1403-30, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Powell, James L, 1986. "Symmetrically Trimmed Least Squares Estimation for Tobit Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 54(6), pages 1435-60, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Koenker, Roger W & Bassett, Gilbert, Jr, 1978. "Regression Quantiles," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 33-50, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Honore, Bo E. & Kyriazidou, Ekaterini & Udry, Christopher, 1997. "Estimation of Type 3 Tobit models using symmetric trimming and pairwise comparisons," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 76(1-2), pages 107-128. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Donald, Stephen G., 1995. "Two-step estimation of heteroskedastic sample selection models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 65(2), pages 347-380, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Kling, Jeffrey R, 2001. "Interpreting Instrumental Variables Estimates of the Returns to Schooling," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 19(3), pages 358-64, July.
  8. Andrews, Donald W K & Schafgans, Marcia M A, 1998. "Semiparametric Estimation of the Intercept of a Sample Selection Model," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 65(3), pages 497-517, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. David Card, 1993. "Using Geographic Variation in College Proximity to Estimate the Return to Schooling," NBER Working Papers 4483, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Ahn, Hyungtaik & Powell, James L., 1993. "Semiparametric estimation of censored selection models with a nonparametric selection mechanism," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1-2), pages 3-29, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Rouse, Cecilia Elena, 1995. "Democratization or Diversion? The Effect of Community Colleges on Educational Attainment," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 13(2), pages 217-24, April.
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  1. Stacey Chen, 2003. "Does COllege Attendance Increase Wage Volatility," Discussion Papers 03-01, University at Albany, SUNY, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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