The influence of social pressure and nationality on individual decisions: evidence from the behaviour of referees

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The influence of social pressure and nationality on individual decisions: evidence from the behaviour of referees

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Peter Dawson
Stephen Dobson

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Abstract

This study considers the influences on agents’ decisions in an international context. Using data from six seasons of European cup matches it is found that football referees favour home teams when awarding yellow and red cards. Previous research on referee decisions in national leagues has identified social pressure as a key reason for favouritism. While social pressure is also found to be an important influence in this study, the international context reveals that referee decisions are also influenced by the nationality of the referee and team, and the reputation of the league.

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Paper provided by Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham Business School, Economics Division in its series Working Papers with number 2008/14.

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Date of creation: Sep 2008
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Handle: RePEc:nbs:wpaper:2008/14

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Paper
- Peter Dawson & Stephen Dobson, 2008. "The Influence of Social Pressure and Nationality on Individual Decisions: Evidence from the Behaviour of Referees," Working Papers 0809, International Association of Sports Economists. [Downloadable!]
- Peter Dawson & Stephen Dobson, 2009. "The Influence of Social Pressure and Nationality on Individual Decisions: Evidence from the Behaviour of Referees," NCER Working Paper Series 46, National Centre for Econometric Research. [Downloadable!]
- Dawson, Peter & Dobson, S, 2009. "The Influence of Social Pressure and Nationality on Individual Decisions: Evidence from the Behaviour of Referees," Department of Economics Working Papers 15970, University of Bath, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]

This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

NEP-ALL-2008-09-29 (All new papers)
NEP-SPO-2008-09-29 (Sports & Economics)

References listed on IDEAS
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Ignacio Palacios-Huerta, 2003. "Professionals Play Minimax," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 70(2), pages 395-415, 04. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Other versions:
- Ignacio Palacios-Huerta, 2001. "Professionals Play Minimax," Working Papers 2001-17, Brown University, Department of Economics.
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Other versions:
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Other versions:
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Other versions:
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Other versions:
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