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Shooting Down the More Guns, Less Crime Hypothesis

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Author Info
Ian Ayres
John J. Donohue III

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Abstract

John Lott and David Mustard have used regression analysis to argue forcefully that 'shall-issue' laws (which give citizens an unimpeded right to secure permits for concealed weapons) reduce violent crime. While certain facially plausible statistical models appear to generate this conclusion, more refined analyses of more recent state and county data undermine the more guns, less crime hypothesis. The most robust finding on the state data is that certain property crimes rise with passage of shall- issue laws, although the absence of any clear theory as to why this would be the case tends to undercut any strong conclusions. Estimating more statistically preferred disaggregated models on more complete county data, we show that in most states shall- issue laws have been associated with more crime and that the apparent stimulus to crime tends to be especially strong for those states that adopted in the last decade. While there are substantial concerns about model reliability and robustness, we present estimates based on disaggregated county data models that on net the passage of the law in 24 jurisdictions has increased the annual cost of crime slightly -- somewhere on the order of half a billion dollars. We also provide an illustration of how our jurisdiction-specific regression model has the capacity to generate more nuanced assessments concerning which states might profit from or be harmed by a particular legal intervention.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 9336.

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Date of creation: Nov 2002
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:9336

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H0 - Public Economics - - General
K0 - Law and Economics - - General

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  1. Steven D. Levitt, 2004. "Understanding Why Crime Fell in the 1990s: Four Factors That Explain the Decline and Six That Do Not," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(1), pages 163-190, Winter. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Carlisle E. Moody & Thomas B. Marvell, 2008. "The Debate on Right-to-Carry Concealed Weapons Laws," Working Papers 71, Department of Economics, College of William and Mary. [Downloadable!]
  3. Kovandzic, Tomislav & Schaffer, Mark & Kleck, Gary, 2008. "Estimating the Causal Effect of Gun Prevalence on Homicide Rates: A Local Average Treatment Effect Approach," IZA Discussion Papers 3589, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  4. H. Naci Mocan & Erdal Tekin, 2003. "Guns, Drugs and Juvenile Crime: Evidence from a Panel of Siblings and Twins," NBER Working Papers 9824, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Donohue, John J & Wolfers, Justin, 2006. "Uses and Abuses of Empirical Evidence in the Death Penalty Debate," CEPR Discussion Papers 5493, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Carlisle Moody & Thomas Marvell, 2008. "The Debate on Shall-Issue Laws," Econ Journal Watch, Atlas Economic Research Foundation, vol. 5(3), pages 269-293, September. [Downloadable!]
  7. Matthew Baker & Niklas J. Westelius, 2009. "Crime, Expectations and The Deterrence Hypothesis," Hunter College Department of Economics Working Papers 425, Hunter College: Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  8. Carlisle Moody & Thomas B. Marvell, 2009. "The Debate on Shall Issue Laws Continued," Econ Journal Watch, Atlas Economic Research Foundation, vol. 6(2), pages 203-217, May. [Downloadable!]
  9. Angela K. Dills & Jeffrey A. Miron & Garrett Summers, 2008. "What Do Economists Know About Crime?," NBER Working Papers 13759, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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