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The European Central Bank and the Euro: The First Year

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Martin Feldstein

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Abstract

The creation of the euro and the European Central Bank is a remarkable and unprecedented event in economic and political history: creating a supranational central bank and leaving eleven countries without national currencies of their own. The experience of the first year confirms that one size fits all' monetary policy is not suitable for Europe because cyclical and inflation conditions vary substantially among countries. Labor market policies during this first year will increase this problem in the future and may lead to more trade protectionism. The paper explores reasons why cyclical unemployment, structural unemployment, and inflation may all be higher in the future as a result of the single currency. Although some advocate the euro despite its economic problems because of its assumed favorable effects on European political cohesiveness, the paper argues that it is more likely to lead to political conflict within Europe and with the Unites States.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 7517.

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Date of creation: Feb 2000
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:7517

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F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions

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  1. Alexandra Ferreira-Lopes & Álvaro M. Pina, 2008. "Business Cycles, Core and Periphery in Monetary Unions: Comparing Europe and North America," Working Papers ercwp1908, ISCTE, UNIDE, Economics Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Philip Arestis & Iris Biefang- Frisancho Mariscal & Andrew Brown & Malcolm Sawyer, 2001. "The Causes of Euro Instability," Macroeconomics 0103005, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Philip Arestis & Andrew Brown & Kostas Mouratidis & Malcolm Sawyer, 2002. "The Euro: reflections on the first three years," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Andrén, Niclas & Oxelheim, Lars, 2002. "Exchange-Rate and Interest-Rate Driven Competitive Advantages in the EMU," Working Paper Series 576, Research Institute of Industrial Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Karsten Staehr, 2008. "The Maastricht Inflation Criterion and the New EU Members from Central and Eastern Europe," Bank of Estonia Working Papers 2008-04, Bank of Estonia, revised 30 Oct 2008. [Downloadable!]
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