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North American Economic Integration and Industry Location

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Gordon H. Hanson

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Abstract

Does regional economic integration affect the location of economic activity inside countries? In this paper, I discuss recent academic literature on whether the movement towards free trade in North America has influenced the spatial organization of production in Canada, Mexico, or the United States. In Mexico, closer economic ties with the United States appear to have contributed to a contraction of employment in the Mexico City manufacturing belt, a rapid expansion of manufacturing employment in northern Mexico, and an increase in the wage premia paid to skilled workers. The effects of economic integration on industry location in Canada and the United States seem to have been much weaker. On exception to this finding is U.S. cities on the Mexican border, whose employment growth is strongly positively correlated with export production in neighboring Mexican regions. I also discuss implications of a possible hemispheric free trade agreement.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 6587.

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Date of creation: Jun 1998
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:6587

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
R12 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

References listed on IDEAS
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  14. Head, Keith & Ries, John & Swenson, Deborah, 1995. "Agglomeration benefits and location choice: Evidence from Japanese manufacturing investments in the United States," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(3-4), pages 223-247, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  16. Puga, Diego, 1999. "The rise and fall of regional inequalities," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 303-334, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. Hanson, Gordon H, 1997. "Increasing Returns, Trade and the Regional Structure of Wages," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 107(440), pages 113-33, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  19. Olivier Jean Blanchard & Lawrence F. Katz, 1992. "Regional Evolutions," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 23(1992-1), pages 1-76. [Downloadable!]
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  22. Gordon H. Hanson, 1995. "The Effects of Offshore Assembly on Industry Location: Evidence from U.S. Border Cities," NBER Working Papers 5400, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  23. Feenstra, Robert C. & Hanson, Gordon H., 1997. "Foreign direct investment and relative wages: Evidence from Mexico's maquiladoras," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(3-4), pages 371-393, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  24. Hanson, Gordon H., 1996. "Economic integration, intraindustry trade, and frontier regions," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 40(3-5), pages 941-949, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Mendoza, Jorge Eduardo, 2003. "Efectos de la aglomeración y los encadenamientos industriales en el patrón de crecimiento manufacturero en México
    [Manufacturing specialization and urban aglommeration in the largest cities of M    ," MPRA Paper 2854, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2003. [Downloadable!]
  2. Ramírez Grajeda, Mauricio & Sheldon, Ian, 2009. "Trade openness and city interaction," MPRA Paper 18029, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  3. Andres Rodriguez-Pose & Nicholas Gill, 2004. "How does trade affect regional inequalities?," ERSA conference papers ersa04p478, European Regional Science Association. [Downloadable!]
  4. Kaplan, David & Martinez, Gabriel & Robertson, Raymond, 2005. "What Happens to Wages After Displacement?," MPRA Paper 3079, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  5. Kyoko Hirose, 2005. "Migration and agglomeration with knowledge spillovers," Discussion Papers in Economics and Business 05-16, Osaka University, Graduate School of Economics and Osaka School of International Public Policy (OSIPP). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Lapo Valentina, 2003. "Spatial distribution of investment in Russia: the effect of agglomeration," EERC Working Paper Series 01-087e, EERC Research Network, Russia and CIS. [Downloadable!]
  7. Nicole Madariaga & Sylvie Montout & Patrice Ollivaud, 2004. "Regional convergence, trade liberalization and agglomeration of activities : an analysis of NAFTA and MERCOSUR cases," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques bla04069, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1). [Downloadable!]
  8. González-Val, Rafael & Lanaspa, Luis & Pueyo, Fernando, 2009. "Trade policies, concentration, growth and welfare," MPRA Paper 9730, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  9. Anne Leahy & Alfons Palangkaraya & Jongsay Yong, 2007. "Geographical Agglomeration in Australian Manufacturing," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2007n11, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
  10. Lommerud, Kjell Erik & Meland, Frode & Sorgard, Lars, 2002. "Unionized Oligopoly, Trade Liberalization and Location Choice," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
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  11. David Sapsford & David Griffiths, 2003. "Foreign direct investment in Mexico," Working Papers 000054, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department. [Downloadable!]
  12. Don J. Webber & Tony Gore, 2002. "Dematerializing Local Economies: A Case for ad hoc Governance," Local Economy, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 17(2), pages 96-110, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Gustavsson, Patrik & Persson, Joakim, 2003. "Geography, Cost-Of-Living, And Determinants To Economic Growth: A Study Of The Swedish Regions, 1911-1993," EIJS Working Paper Series 186, The European Institute of Japanese Studies. [Downloadable!]
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  15. Eric Strobl, 2004. "Trends and Determinants of the Geographic Dispersion of Irish Manufacturing Activity, 1926- 1996," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 38(2), pages 191-205, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Baylis, Kathy & Garduno-Rivera, Rafael & Piras, Gianfranco, 2009. "The distributional effects of NAFTA in Mexico: evidence from a panel of municipalities," 2009 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, 2009, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 49463, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. [Downloadable!]
  17. Ramírez Grajeda, Mauricio & de León Arias, Adrián, 2009. "Spatial implications of international trade under the new economic geography approach," MPRA Paper 18076, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  18. Pruitt, J. Ross & Tilley, Daniel S., 2008. "Location Patterns of Confectionery Manufacturers in a Post NAFTA Environment," 2008 Annual Meeting, February 2-6, 2008, Dallas, Texas 6802, Southern Agricultural Economics Association. [Downloadable!]
  19. Henry Overman & Stephen Redding & Anthony J. Venables, 2001. "The Economic Geography of Trade, Production, and Income: A Survey of Empirics," CEP Discussion Papers dp0508, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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