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Tax Policy and International Capital Flows

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Author Info
Martin Feldstein

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Abstract

Although capital is now generally free to move across national borders, there is strong evidence that savings tend to remain and to be invested in the country where the saving takes place. The current paper examines the apparent conflict between the potential mobility of capital and the observed de facto segmentation of the global capital market. The key to reconciling this 'Feldstein-Horioka paradox' is that, although capital is free to move, its owners, and especially the agents who are responsible for institutional investments, prefer to keep funds close to home because of a combination of risk aversion, ignorance and a desire to show prudence in their investing behavior. The paper presents evidence on the capital mobility and on capital market segmentation. The role of hedging and the difference between gross and net capital movements for individual investors and borrowers are discussed. The special place of foreign direct investment is also considered. The segmentation of the global capital market affects the impact of capital income taxes and subsidies. This is discussed in the final section of the paper

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 4851.

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Date of creation: Aug 1997
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:4851

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Martin Feldstein, 1994. "The Effects of Outbound Foreign Direct Investment on the Domestic Capital Stock," NBER Working Papers 4668, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Martin Feldstein & Charles Horioka, 1980. "Domestic Savings and International Capital Flows," NBER Working Papers 0310, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Martin Feldstein, 1982. "Domestic Saving and International Capital Movements in the Long Run and the Short Run," NBER Working Papers 0947, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Mishkin, Frederic S, 1984. " Are Real Interest Rates Equal across Countries? An Empirical Investigation of International Parity Conditions," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(5), pages 1345-57, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Barry Eichengreen., 1990. "Trends and Cycles in Foreign Lending," Economics Working Papers 90-146, University of California at Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
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  6. Lawrence H. Summers, 1989. "Tax Policy and International Competitiveness," NBER Working Papers 2007, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Kenneth R. French & James M. Poterba, 1991. "Investor Diversification and International Equity Markets," NBER Working Papers 3609, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Michael Mussa & Morris Goldstein, 1993. "The Integration of World Capital Markets," IMF Working Papers 93/95, International Monetary Fund.
  9. Sinn, Stefan, 1992. "Saving-Investment Correlations and Capital Mobility: On the Evidence from Annual Data," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 102(414), pages 1162-70, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Baxter, Marianne & Crucini, Mario J, 1993. "Explaining Saving-Investment Correlations," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 83(3), pages 416-36, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Martin Feldstein & Philippe Bacchetta, 1991. "National Saving and International Investment," NBER Chapters, in: National Saving and Economic Performance, pages 201-226 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
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  12. Campbell R. Harvey, 1994. "Predictable Risk and Returns in Emerging Markets," NBER Working Papers 4621, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  13. Michael Mussa & Morris Goldstein, 1993. "The integration of world capital markets," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, pages 245-330.
  14. Jeffrey A. Frankel, 1991. "Quantifying International Capital Mobility in the 1980s," NBER Working Papers 2856, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  15. Obstfeld, Maurice, 1986. "Capital mobility in the world economy: Theory and measurement," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(1), pages 55-103, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  16. Obstfeld, Maurice, 1994. "International Capital Mobility in the 1990s," CEPR Discussion Papers 902, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. Tesar, Linda L., 1991. "Savings, investment and international capital flows," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1-2), pages 55-78, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Martin Feldstein, 1994. "Taxes, Leverage and the National Return on Outbound Foreign Direct Investment," NBER Working Papers 4689, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. Horst, Thomas, 1980. "A Note on the Optimal Taxation of International Investment Income," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 94(4), pages 793-98, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  20. Brainard, William C & Tobin, James, 1992. "On the Internationalization of Portfolios," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 44(4), pages 533-65, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  21. Feldstein, Martin S, 1978. "The Welfare Cost of Capital Income Taxation," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(2), pages S29-51, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  22. French, Kenneth R. & Poterba, James M., 1990. "Japanese and U.S. cross-border common stock investments," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 4(4), pages 476-493, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  23. Gordon, Roger H, 1986. "Taxation of Investment and Savings in a World Economy," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 76(5), pages 1086-1102, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  24. Roger H. Gordon & A. Lans Bovenberg, 1994. "Why is Capital so Immobile Internationally?: Possible Explanations and Implications for Capital Income Taxation," NBER Working Papers 4796, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  25. Murphy, Robert G., 1984. "Capital mobility and the relationship between saving and investment rates in OECD countries," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 3(3), pages 327-342, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  26. Kenneth A. Froot, 1993. "Currency Hedging over Long Horizons," NBER Working Papers 4355, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Martin Feldstein, 1997. "The Missing Piece in Policy Analysis: Social Security Reform," NBER Working Papers 5413, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Lane, P, 1999. "International Investment Positions: A Cross-Sectional Analysis," Trinity Economics Papers 995, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Selin Sayek & Hyoung Goo Kang & Alexander Lehmann, 2004. "Multinational Affiliates and Local Financial Markets," IMF Working Papers 04/107, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  4. Peter M. Garber, 1998. "Derivatives in International Capital Flows," NBER Working Papers 6623, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Dehejia, Vivek H. & Philipp Genschel, 1998. "Tax Competition in the European Union," MPIfG Discussion and Working Papers 3, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies. [Downloadable!]
  6. George Furstenberg, 1998. "From Worldwide Capital Mobility to International Financial Integration: A Review Essay," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 53-84, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Erich Gundlach, 1997. "Openness and economic growth in developing countries," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 133(3), pages 479-496, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Janet Ceglowski, 1998. "Has globalization created a borderless world?," Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, issue Mar, pages 17-27. [Downloadable!]
  9. Ronald Davies & Thomas Gresik, 2003. "Tax Competition and Foreign Capital," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer, vol. 10(2), pages 127-145, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Sebastian Edwards, 1995. "Why are Saving Rates so Different Across Countries?: An International Comparative Analysis," NBER Working Papers 5097, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Lane, Philip R., 1999. "Do International Investment Income Flows Smooth Income?," CEPR Discussion Papers 2123, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  12. Martin Feldstein, 1994. "Fiscal Policies, Capital Formation, and Capitalism," NBER Working Papers 4885, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  13. Genevieve Verdier, 2003. "What Drives Long-term Capital Flows? A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation," Macroeconomics 0310011, EconWPA, revised 14 Jul 2005. [Downloadable!]
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  14. Martin Feldstein, 2000. "Global economic integration : opportunities and challenges : overview," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, pages 297-309. [Downloadable!]
  15. Dani Rodrik, 1995. "Why is there Multilateral Lending?," NBER Working Papers 5160, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  16. W. Jansen, 1998. "Interpreting Saving-Investment Correlations," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 9(3), pages 207-219, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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