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Collateral Heterogeneity and Monetary Policy Transmission: Evidence from Loans to SMEs and Large Firms

Author

Listed:
  • Cecilia R. Caglio
  • R. Matthew Darst
  • Ṣebnem Kalemli-Özcan

Abstract

We study the role of heterogeneous financial frictions in investment and credit channels of monetary policy, using firm-bank matched administrative data for the U.S. We find that collateral heterogeneity in loan contracts explains the relaxing/tightening of financial constraints in response to monetary shocks. Small and risky firms rely on their earnings and intangibles as collateral, which means their leverage is backed by procyclical earnings. Monetary expansions lower the marginal cost of funds for these firms and expand their borrowing capacity. Monetary policy can be highly effective in economies dominated by small firms pledging their earnings and intangibles as collateral, even though these firms have high default risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Cecilia R. Caglio & R. Matthew Darst & Ṣebnem Kalemli-Özcan, 2021. "Collateral Heterogeneity and Monetary Policy Transmission: Evidence from Loans to SMEs and Large Firms," NBER Working Papers 28685, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:28685
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    Cited by:

    1. Ottonello, Pablo & Perez, Diego J. & Varraso, Paolo, 2022. "Are collateral-constraint models ready for macroprudential policy design?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    2. Arun Gupta & Horacio Sapriza & Vladimir Yankov, 2023. "The Collateral Channel and Bank Credit," Richmond Fed Economic Brief, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, vol. 23(33), October.
    3. Fabiani, Andrea & López-Piñeros, Martha & Peydró, José-Luis & Soto, Paul E., 2022. "Capital Controls, Domestic Macroprudential Policy and the Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 139(November ), pages 1-1.
    4. Eunkyung Lee, 2023. "The Transmission of Monetary Policy to Corporate Investment: The Role of Loan Renegotiation," Economics Discussion Paper Series 2310, Economics, The University of Manchester.
    5. Pijoan-Mas, Josep & di Giovanni, Julian & García-Santana, Manuel & Moral-Benito, Enrique, 2022. "Government Procurement and Access to Credit: Firm Dynamics and Aggregate Implications," CEPR Discussion Papers 17023, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Melcangi, Davide & Turen, Javier, 2023. "Subsidizing startups under imperfect information," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 93-109.
    7. Julian di Giovanni & Manuel García-Santana & Priit Jeenas & Enrique Moral-Benito & Josep Pijoan-Mas, 2022. "Buy Big or Buy Small? Procurement Policies, Firms' Financing, and the Macroeconomy," Working Papers 1321, Barcelona School of Economics.
    8. Cameron Fen, 2022. "Fast Simulation-Based Bayesian Estimation of Heterogeneous and Representative Agent Models using Normalizing Flow Neural Networks," Papers 2203.06537, arXiv.org.
    9. Eugenia Andreasen & Sofia Bauducco & Evangelina Dardati & Enrique G. Mendoza, 2023. "Beware the Side Effects: Capital Controls, Trade, Misallocation andWelfare," PIER Working Paper Archive 23-005, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania.
    10. Camelia Minoiu & Andrés Schneider & Min Wei, 2023. "Why Does the Yield Curve Predict GDP Growth? The Role of Banks," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2023-049, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    11. Omar Barbiero, 2023. "The Channels of International Comovement," Working Papers 23-16, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    12. Ricardo Correa & Julian di Giovanni & Linda S. Goldberg & Camelia Minoiu, 2023. "Trade Uncertainty and U.S. Bank Lending," NBER Working Papers 31860, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Beck, Thorsten & Peltonen, Tuomas & Perotti, Enrico & Sánchez Serrano, Antonio & Suarez, Javier, 2023. "Corporate credit and leverage in the EU: recent evolution, main drivers and financial stability implications," Report of the Advisory Scientific Committee 14, European Systemic Risk Board.
    14. Julien Champagne & Émilien Gouin-Bonenfant, 2022. "Monetary Policy, Credit Constraints and SME Employment," Staff Working Papers 22-49, Bank of Canada.
    15. Falk Bräuning & José Fillat & J. Christina Wang, 2022. "Did High Leverage Render Small Businesses Vulnerable to the COVID-19 Shock?," Working Papers 22-13, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    16. Aubhik Khan & Soyoung Lee, 2023. "Persistent Debt and Business Cycles in an Economy with Production Heterogeneity," Staff Working Papers 23-17, Bank of Canada.
    17. Sebastian Doerr & Thomas Drechsel & Donggyu Lee, 2022. "Income Inequality and Job Creation," Staff Reports 1021, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    18. Thiago Revil T. Ferreira & Daniel Ostry & John Rogers, 2023. "Firm Financial Conditions and the Transmission of Monetary Policy," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2023-037, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance

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