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Imputing Missing Values in the US Census Bureau's County Business Patterns

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  • Fabian Eckert
  • Teresa C. Fort
  • Peter K. Schott
  • Natalie J. Yang

Abstract

The County Business Patterns data published by the US Census Bureau track employment by county and industry from 1946 to the present. Two features of the data limit their usefulness to researchers: (1) employment for the majority of county-industry cells is suppressed to protect confidentiality, and (2) industry classifications change over time. We address both issues. First, we develop a linear programming method that exploits the large set of adding-up constraints implicit in the hierarchical arrangement of the data to impute missing employment. Second, we provide concordances to map all data to a consistent set of industry codes. Finally, we construct a user-friendly, 1975 to 2016 county-level panel that classifies industries according to a consistent set of 2012 NAICS codes in all years.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabian Eckert & Teresa C. Fort & Peter K. Schott & Natalie J. Yang, 2020. "Imputing Missing Values in the US Census Bureau's County Business Patterns," NBER Working Papers 26632, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26632
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Parag Mahajan, 2021. "Immigration and Local Business Dynamics: Evidence from U.S. Firms," Working Papers 21-18, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    2. Kim, Dongin & Steinbach, Sandro, 2021. "Spillover effects of foreign direct investment in the United States: County-level evidence from the food industry," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 313983, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
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    4. Justin R. Pierce & Peter K. Schott & Cristina Tello-Trillo, 2022. "Trade Liberalization and Labor-Market Outcomes: Evidence from US Matched Employer-Employee Data," Working Papers 22-42, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    5. Singla, Shikhar, 2023. "Regulatory costs and market power," LawFin Working Paper Series 47, Goethe University, Center for Advanced Studies on the Foundations of Law and Finance (LawFin).
    6. Bustos, Sebastián & Yıldırım, Muhammed A., 2022. "Production Ability and economic growth," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(8).
    7. Fabian Eckert & Sharat Ganapati & Conor Walsh, 2020. "Urban-Biased Growth: A Macroeconomic Analysis," CESifo Working Paper Series 8705, CESifo.
    8. Jay Hyun & Ziho Park & Vladimir Smirnyagin, 2021. "Import Competition and Firms’ Internal Networks," Working Papers 21-28, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    9. Lukas Althoff & Fabian Eckert & Sharat Ganapati & Conor Walsh, 2020. "The City Paradox: Skilled Services and Remote Work," CESifo Working Paper Series 8734, CESifo.
    10. Monica Deza & Thanh Lu & Johanna Catherine Maclean, 2022. "Office‐based mental healthcare and juvenile arrests," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(S2), pages 69-91, October.
    11. Krumel, Thomas & Goodrich, Corey, 2021. "COVID-19 Working Paper: Meatpacking Working Conditions and the Spread of COVID-19," Administrative Publications 327343, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    12. Kwon, Spencer Y. & Ma, Yueran & Zimmermann, Kaspar, 2022. "100 years of rising corporate concentration," SAFE Working Paper Series 359, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    13. Craig Wesley Carpenter & Anders Van Sandt & Scott Loveridge, 2022. "Measurement error in US regional economic data," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 62(1), pages 57-80, January.
    14. Douglas S. Noonan & Joanna Woronkowicz & Jessica Sherrod Hale, 2021. "More than STEM: spillovers from higher education institution infrastructure investments in the arts," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 46(6), pages 1784-1813, December.
    15. Jevan Cherniwchan & Nouri Najjar, 2021. "Free Trade and the Formation of Environmental Policy: Evidence from US Legislative Votes," Carleton Economic Papers 21-11, Carleton University, Department of Economics, revised 24 Feb 2022.
    16. Sean Wang & Samuel Young, 2023. "Unionization, Employer Opposition, and Establishment Closure," Working Papers 23-35, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    17. Steinbach, Sandro, 2023. "The Corporatization of Veterinary Medicine: An Empirical Analysis of Its Impact on Independent Practices," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335481, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    18. Chad Brown & Jeronimo Carballo & Alessandro Peri, 2022. "Bankruptcy Shocks and Legal Labor Markets: Evidence from the Court Competition Era," Papers 2202.00044, arXiv.org.
    19. Raven S. Molloy & Charles G. Nathanson & Andrew D. Paciorek, 2020. "Housing Supply and Affordability: Evidence from Rents, Housing Consumption and Household Location," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2020-044, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • L6 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing

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