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We Can Work It Out - The Globalisation of ICT-enabled Services

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Author Info
Desiree van Welsum
Xavier Reif

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Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between the share of employment potentially affected by offshoring and economic and structural factors, including trade in business services and foreign direct investment (FDI), using simple descriptive regressions for a panel of OECD economies between 1996 and 2003. It tests whether there are differences in the factors driving the shares of potentially offshorable "non-clerical" and clerical occupations in total employment. The results show a positive statistical association between the share of both "non-clerical" and clerical occupations potentially affected by offshoring and exports of business services, and a negative association with imports of business services. However, the results also show important differences between different types of occupations as they behave differently over time, and are affected differently by variables included in the model. In particular, net outward manufacturing FDI, ICT investment, and the relative size of the services sector all have a positive association with the share of potentially offshorable "non-clerical" occupations, but are negative with clerical occupations. Union density has a positive statistical association with clerical occupations but negative with "non-clerical" occupations. These results have important implications for policy, as they clearly suggest that different factors are driving the performance of different occupational groups.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 12799.

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Date of creation: Dec 2006
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:12799

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F1 - International Economics - - Trade
F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
F2 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business
J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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  1. Head, Keith & Ries, John, 2002. "Offshore production and skill upgrading by Japanese manufacturing firms," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1), pages 81-105, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Nigel Pain, 2004. "International Production Relocation and Exports of Services," NIESR Discussion Papers 237, National Institute of Economic and Social Research. [Downloadable!]
  3. David Autor & Frank Levy & Richard Murnane, 2003. "The skill content of recent technological change: an empirical exploration," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Nov. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Catherine L. Mann, 2004. "The US Current Account, New Economy Services, and Implications for Sustainability," Review of International Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 12(2), pages 262-276, 05. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. de la Fuente, Angel & Doménech, Rafael, 2002. "Human Capital in Growth Regressions: How Much Difference Does Data Quality Make? An Update and Further Results," CEPR Discussion Papers 3587, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Ashok Bardhan & Cynthia Kroll, 2003. "The New Wave of Outsourcing," Fisher Center for Real Estate & Urban Economics, Research Reports 1025, Fisher Center for Real Estate & Urban Economics, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
  7. Marin, Dalia, 2004. "'A Nation of Poets and Thinkers' - Less So with Eastern Enlargement? Austria and Germany," Discussion Papers in Economics 329, University of Munich, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Julián Messina, 2004. "Institutions and service employment - a panel study for OECD countries," Working Paper Series 320, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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