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Downside Risk

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Author Info
Andrew Ang
Joseph Chen
Yuhang Xing
Abstract

Economists have long recognized that investors care differently about downside losses versus upside gains. Agents who place greater weight on downside risk demand additional compensation for holding stocks with high sensitivities to downside market movements. We show that the cross-section of stock returns reflects a premium for downside risk. Specifically, stocks that covary strongly with the market when the market declines have high average returns. We estimate that the downside risk premium is approximately 6% per annum. The reward for bearing downside risk is not simply compensation for regular market beta, nor is it explained by coskewness or liquidity risk, or size, book-to-market, and momentum characteristics.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 11824.

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Date of creation: Dec 2005
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:11824

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
C12 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General - - - Hypothesis Testing
C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods
C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions
G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing

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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Menkhoff, Lukas & Schmeling, Maik, 2006. "A Prospect-Theoretical Interpretation of Momentum Returns," Diskussionspapiere der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Hannover dp-335, Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Massimo Guidolin & Giovanna Nicodano, 2007. "Managing international portfolios with small capitalization stocks," Working Papers 2007-030, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. [Downloadable!]
  3. Jose Olmo, 2007. "An Asset Pricing Model for Mean-Variance-Downside-Risk Averse Investors," City University Economics Discussion Papers 07/01, Department of Economics, City University, London. [Downloadable!]
  4. P. Herings & Felix Kubler, 2007. "Approximate CAPM When Preferences are CRRA," Computational Economics, Springer, vol. 29(1), pages 13-31, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Massimo Guidolin & Giovanna Nicodano, 2007. "Small caps in international equity portfolios: the effects of variance risk," Working Papers 2005-075, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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