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Permanent Income, Liquidity, and Expenditure on Automobiles: Evidence from Panel Data

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Ben S. Bernanke

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Abstract

Several recent papers have tested the permanent income-cum- rational expectations hypothesis using data on nondurable or semi-durable consumption. We show how this approach can be extended to the case of durables. An application to panel data on automobile expenditures reveals no evidence against the permanent income hypothesis. This result is unchanged in subsamples segregated by family holdings of liquid assets.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 0756.

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Date of creation: Sep 1981
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:0756

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Saul H. Hymans, 1970. "Consumer Durable Spending: Explanation and Prediction," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 1(1970-2), pages 173-206. [Downloadable!]
  2. Juster, F Thomas & Wachtel, Paul, 1972. "Anticipatory and Objective Models of Durable Goods Demand," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 62(4), pages 564-79, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Hall, Robert E, 1978. "Stochastic Implications of the Life Cycle-Permanent Income Hypothesis: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(6), pages 971-87, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Ben S. Bernanke, 1980. "Irreversibility, Uncertainty, and Cyclical Investment," NBER Working Papers 0502, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Cukierman, Alex, 1980. "The Effects of Uncertainty on Investment under Risk Neutrality with Endogenous Information," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 88(3), pages 462-75, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Lester D. Taylor, 1971. "Saving out of Different Types of Income," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 2(1971-2), pages 383-416. [Downloadable!]
  7. Ferber, Robert, 1973. "Consumer Economics, A Survey," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 11(4), pages 1303-42, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Williams, Ross A, 1972. "Demand for Consumer Durables: Stock Adjustment Models and Alternative Specifications of Stock Depletion," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 39(3), pages 281-95, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Diewert, W E, 1974. "Intertemporal Consumer Theory and the Demand for Durables," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 42(3), pages 497-516, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Blinder, Alan S, 1981. "Temporary Income Taxes and Consumer Spending," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 89(1), pages 26-53, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. James Tobin, 1956. "Estimation of Relationships for Limited Dependent Variables," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 3R, Cowles Foundation, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
  12. Wykoff, Frank C, 1970. "Capital Depreciation in the Postwar Period: Automobiles," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 52(2), pages 168-72, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Mishkin, Frederic S, 1976. "Illiquidity, Consumer Durable Expenditure, and Monetary Policy," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 66(4), pages 642-54, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Sargent, Thomas J, 1978. "Rational Expectations, Econometric Exogeneity, and Consumption," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(4), pages 673-700, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Christopher Farr and Maria J. Luengo-Prado, 2001. "The Implications of Lower Down Payments on Consumption Volatility," Computing in Economics and Finance 2001 196, Society for Computational Economics.
  2. Matteo Iacoviello & Stefano Neri, 2007. "Housing Market Spillovers: Evidence from an Estimated DSGE Model," Boston College Working Papers in Economics 659, Boston College Department of Economics, revised 23 Oct 2009. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Yukinobu Kitamura, 2006. "Dynamic Consumption Behavior: Evidence from Japanese Household Panel Data (Revised version)," Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series d06-184, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
  4. Fumio Hayashi, 1982. "The Effect of Liquidity Constraints on Consumption: Cross-Sectional Analysis," Discussion Papers 516, Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Matteo Iacoviello, 2002. "House prices, borrowing constraints and monetary policy in the business cycle," Boston College Working Papers in Economics 542, Boston College Department of Economics, revised 06 Dec 2004. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Alan S. Blinder, 1983. "Issues in the Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policy," NBER Working Papers 0982, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Yukinobu Kitamura, 2005. "Dynamic Consumption Behavior: Evidence from Japanese Household Panel Data (This paper was revised as 06-184 in August 2006)," Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series d05-116, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
  8. Sheng Guo, 2009. "Rich Dad, Rich Kid? Switching Regression Estimates of Intergenerational Mobility of Consumption," Working Papers 0904, Florida International University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  9. Matthew J. Baker & Lisa M. George, 2009. "The Role of Television in Household Debt: Evidence from the 1950's," Hunter College Department of Economics Working Papers 427, Hunter College: Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  10. Carl E. Walsh, 1985. "Borrowing Restrictions and Wealth Constraints: Implications for Aggregate Consumption," NBER Working Papers 1629, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  11. Hrishikesh D. Vinod, 2008. "Consumer Debt is 130% of Income: Avoiding Budget Constraint Orthodoxy," Fordham Economics Discussion Paper Series dp2008-13, Fordham University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  12. Caterina Mendicino, 2005. "Credit Market Development, Asset Prices and Business Cycle," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2005 74, Money Macro and Finance Research Group. [Downloadable!]
  13. Mario Padula, 1999. "Euler Equations and Durable Goods," CSEF Working Papers 30, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy. [Downloadable!]
  14. Ben S. Bernanke, 1982. "Adjustment Costs, Durables, and Aggregate Consumption," NBER Working Papers 1038, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  15. Michael J. Boskin & Lawrence J. Lau, 1988. "An Analysis of U.S. Postwar Consumption and Saving: Part II -- Empirical Results," NBER Working Papers 2606, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Maura P. Doyle, 1997. "The effects of interest rates and taxes on new car prices," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 1997-38, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  17. A. E. Akinlo & A. F. Odusola, 2003. "Assessing the impact of Nigeria's naira depreciation on output and inflation," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 35(6), pages 691-703, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  18. Fumio Hayashi, 1985. "Tests for Liquidity Constraints: A Critical Survey," NBER Working Papers 1720, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. R. Glenn Hubbard & Kenneth L. Judd, 1987. "Finite Lifetimes, Borrowing Constraints, and Short-Run Fiscal Policy," NBER Working Papers 2158, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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