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Cash Crop and Foodgrain Productivity in Senegal: Historical View, New Survey Evidence, and Policy Implications

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Author Info
Valerie Kelly () (Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University)
Bocar Diagana
Thomas Reardon
Matar Gaye
Eric Crawford

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Abstract

Senegal has experienced a number of spurts in agricultural production and productivity growth since independence, yet average trends from 1960 through 1993 have been either stagnant (in terms of aggregate production and yields), or negative (in terms of real value of production). Key insights gained from a historical review of Senegalese agricultural policy are: (1) Agricultural intensification and productivity growth are driven by cash crops that have reliable markets and predictable prices; (2) Crop research has helped maintain productivity despite declining rainfall; (3) Liberalization has improved cereal marketing efficiency, but the production impact has been small because peanuts still provide greater profits and more predictable markets; (4) Vertically integrated extension, input distribution, credit, and output marketing systems serve geographically dispersed smallholders well, encouraging agricultural intensification more than the less integrated systems which have recently evolved; (5) Vertically integrated systems can become costly and inefficient, particularly if management responds more to political pressure than to business logic; (6) A lack of attention to rural literacy, extension, and farm-level financial analysis has fostered the adoption of technologies, such as animal traction and fertilizer, that farmers now find difficult to sustain; (7) Senegal's failure during the 1960s and 1970s to monitor farmers' real income, input/output price ratios, and the net financial impact of agricultural subsidies and taxes on stakeholders (farmers, fertilizer manufacturers, the government, etc.) increased the severity of the economic crisis that brought structural adjustment to the forefront in the 1980s.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University in its series International Development Papers with number 20.

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Length: 140 pages
Date of creation: 1996
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Handle: RePEc:msu:idppap:020

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Related research
Keywords: food security; food policy; agricultural production;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Reardon, Thomas & Crawford, Eric & Kelly, Valerie, 1995. "Promoting Farm Investment For Sustainable Intensification Of African Agriculture," Food Security III Papers 11339, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
  2. Daniel C. Clay & Fidele Byiringiro & Jaakko Kangasniemi & Thomas Reardon & Bosco Sibomana & Laurence Uwamariya & David Tardif-Douglin, 1995. "Promoting Food Security in Rwanda Through Sustainable Agricultural Productivity: Meeting the Challenges of Population Pressure, Land Degradation, and Poverty," International Development Papers 17, Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Reardon, Thomas & Crawford, Eric & Kelly, Valerie & Diagana, Bocar, 1995. "Promoting Farm Investment For Sustainable Intensification Of African Agriculture," Food Security III Papers 11352, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. McDonald, John F & Moffitt, Robert A, 1980. "The Uses of Tobit Analysis," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 62(2), pages 318-21, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Valerie Kelly & Jane Hopkins & Thomas Reardon & Eric Crawford, 1995. "Improving the Measurement and Analysis of African Agricultural Productivity: Promoting Complementarities between Micro and Macro Data," International Development Papers 16, Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Jayne, T.S. & Tschirley, David & Rubey, Lawrence & Reardon, Thomas & Staatz, John M. & Weber, Michael, 1995. "Confronting The Silent Challenge Of Hunger: A Conference Synthesis," Food Security III Papers 11373, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Reardon, Thomas & Kelly, Valerie & Crawford, Eric & Jayne, Thomas & Savadogo, Kimseyinga & Clay, Daniel, 1996. "Determinants Of Farm Productivity In Africa: A Synthesis Of Four Case Studies," Food Security III Papers 11271, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
  4. Akobundu, Eberechukwu & Norton, George W. & Gaye, Matar & Bertelsen, Michael, 1998. "Farm-Household Analysis Of Policies Affecting Peanut Production In Senegal," 1998 Annual meeting, August 2-5, Salt Lake City, UT 20887, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association). [Downloadable!]
  5. Kelly, Valerie & Hopkins, Jane & Reardon, Thomas & Crawford, Eric, 1995. "Improving The Measurement And Analysis Of African Agricultural Productivity: Promoting Complementarities Between Micro And Macro Data," Food Security III Papers 11432, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
  6. Jayne, T.S. & Jones, Stephen, 1996. "Food Marketing And Pricing Policy In Eastern And Southern Africa: Lessons For Increasing Agricultural Productivity And Access To Food," Food Security III Papers 11393, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  7. Thomas Reardon & Valerie Kelly & Eric Crawford & Thomas Jayne & Kimseyinga Savadogo & Daniel Clay, 1996. "Determinants of Farm Productivity in Africa: A Synthesis of Four Case Studies," International Development Papers 22, Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Karanja, Daniel David, 1996. "An Economic And Institutional Analysis Of Maize Research In Kenya," Food Security III Papers 11394, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
  9. Govereh, Jones & Jayne, T.S., 1999. "Effects Of Cash Crop Production On Food Crop Productivity In Zimbabwe: Synergies Or Trade-Offs?," Food Security III Papers 11354, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  10. Howard, Julie A. & Mungoma, Catherine, 1996. "Zambia'S Stop-And-Go Revolution: The Impact Of Policies And Organizations On The Development And Spread Of Maize Technology," Food Security III Papers 11299, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
  11. Reardon, Thomas & Kelly, Valerie & Yanggen, David & Crawford, Eric W., 1999. "Determinants Of Fertilizer Adoption By African Farmers: Policy Analysis Framework, Illustrative Evidence, And Implications," Staff Papers 11779, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
  12. Crawford, Eric & Kelly, Valerie & Diagana, Bocar & Reardon, Thomas & Gaye, Matar, 1996. "Cash Crop And Foodgrain Productivity In Senegal: Historical View, New Survey Evidence, And Policy Implications," Food Security III Papers 11402, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics. [Downloadable!]
  13. Jayne, T.S. & Yamano, Takashi & Nyoro, James, 2003. "Interlinked Credit and Farm Intensification: Evidence from Kenya," 2003 Annual Meeting, August 16-22, 2003, Durban, South Africa 25933, International Association of Agricultural Economists. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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