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Description Length and Dimensionality Reduction in Functional Data Analysis

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  • D. S. Poskitt
  • Arivalzahan Sengarapillai

Abstract

In this paper we investigate the use of description length principles to select an appropriate number of basis functions for functional data. We provide a flexible definition of the dimension of a random function that is constructed directly from the Karhunen-Loève expansion of the observed process. Our results show that although the classical, principle component variance decomposition technique will behave in a coherent manner, in general, the dimension chosen by this technique will not be consistent. We describe two description length criteria, and prove that they are consistent and that in low noise settings they will identify the true finite dimension of a signal that is embedded in noise. Two examples, one from mass-spectroscopy and the one from climatology, are used to illustrate our ideas. We also explore the application of different forms of the bootstrap for functional data and use these to demonstrate the workings of our theoretical results.

Suggested Citation

  • D. S. Poskitt & Arivalzahan Sengarapillai, 2009. "Description Length and Dimensionality Reduction in Functional Data Analysis," Monash Econometrics and Business Statistics Working Papers 13/09, Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics.
    • Handle: RePEc:msh:ebswps:2009-13
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    File URL: http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/ebs/pubs/wpapers/2009/wp13-09.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hansen M. H & Yu B., 2001. "Model Selection and the Principle of Minimum Description Length," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 96, pages 746-774, June.
    2. Jeng‐Min Chiou & Pai‐Ling Li, 2007. "Functional clustering and identifying substructures of longitudinal data," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 69(4), pages 679-699, September.
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    7. Yao, Fang & Muller, Hans-Georg & Wang, Jane-Ling, 2005. "Functional Data Analysis for Sparse Longitudinal Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 100, pages 577-590, June.
    8. Ramsay, James O. & Ramsey, James B., 2002. "Functional data analysis of the dynamics of the monthly index of nondurable goods production," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 107(1-2), pages 327-344, March.
    9. Li, Bin & Yu, Qingzhao, 2008. "Classification of functional data: A segmentation approach," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 52(10), pages 4790-4800, June.
    10. Ferraty, F. & Vieu, P., 2003. "Curves discrimination: a nonparametric functional approach," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 44(1-2), pages 161-173, October.
    11. Boente, Graciela & Fraiman, Ricardo, 2000. "Kernel-based functional principal components," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 335-345, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Md Atikur Rahman Khan & D.S. Poskitt, 2010. "Description Length Based Signal Detection in singular Spectrum Analysis," Monash Econometrics and Business Statistics Working Papers 13/10, Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics.
    2. Wong, Raymond K.W. & Zhang, Xiaoke, 2019. "Nonparametric operator-regularized covariance function estimation for functional data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 131-144.
    3. Tengteng Xu & Riquan Zhang & Xiuzhen Zhang, 2023. "Estimation of spatial-functional based-line logit model for multivariate longitudinal data," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 79-99, March.
    4. Han Shang, 2014. "A survey of functional principal component analysis," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer;German Statistical Society, vol. 98(2), pages 121-142, April.
    5. Jacques, Julien & Preda, Cristian, 2014. "Model-based clustering for multivariate functional data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 92-106.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bootstrap; consistency; dimension determination; Karhunen-Loève expansion; signal-to-noise ratio; variance decomposition;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes

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