The goal of this paper is to determine the impact of the settings of labour standards on the level of dualism, employment and wages. Contrary to the "conventional wisdom", we show that the reinforcement of dualism due to the improvement of labour standards is not automatic. Under certain assumptions (impact of labour standards on productivity, initial level of labour standards and ratio capital/labour), the improvement of labour standards can improve employment in the formal sector, reduce the relative weight of traditional sector and increase the wage in this sector. We also study the effects of labour standards when these standards creates an additional incentive to migrate. We show that it can create a upward pressure on the level of urban unemployment if the gap between working conditions in the two sector is too large.
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