In this paper we study Brain Drain (BD) and Fiscal Competition (FC) in a unified framework for the European Union (EU) specific context. Potential mobility of educated workers can increase the degree of FC through taxation or the provision of public education. An increase in FC can be caused by competition among different jurisdictions that aim to attract educated workers. When the importance of FC increases, then the European States may employ FC as a new policy tool. We propose a simple model in which is possible describe different scenarios: Brain Gain (when BD may increase average productivity in the source economy); Brain Drain (when there is unidirectional flow of highly skilled workers that is welfare-deteriorating in the source economy); Migration Competition (when the regions have not high differences in the productivity and they compete attracting educated workers); Fiscal Competition (when jurisdictions compete either to attract a mobile tax base), This simple model help us to explain several policies implemented by European regions.
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Paper provided by Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Statistica in its series Working Papers with number
20060602.
Find related papers by JEL classification: F02 - International Economics - - General - - - International Economic Order; Noneconomic International Organizations;; Economic Integration and Globalization: General F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration H30 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - General H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education O15 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration O40 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
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