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Die Messung der Greifkraft als objektives Gesundheitsmaß in Sozialwissenschaftlichen Bevölkerungsumfragen: Erhebungsmethodische und inhaltliche Befunde auf der Basis von SHARE und SOEP

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Author Info
Karsten Hank ()
Hendrik Jürges
Jürgen Schupp
Gert G. Wagner (Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging (MEA))

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Abstract

Dieses Paper zeigt, dass die Messung der Handgreifkraft ein auch in sozialwissenschaftlichen Bevölkerungsumfragen einfach zu ermittelndes, nicht-invasives und verlässliches objektives Gesundheitsmaß ist. Die Greifkraftmessung stellt nicht nur eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zu selbst berichteten Indikatoren des Gesundheitszustandes dar, sondern besitzt darüber hinaus hinsichtlich einer Vielzahl relevanter Variablen (z.B. Mortalitätsrisiken) eine eigenständige Erklärungskraft. Der 2004 erstmals erhobene Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) und der Pretest 2005 des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) erlauben nun erste erhebungsmethodische und inhaltliche Querschnittsauswertungen der Greifkraft auch für Deutschland. Im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden Untersuchung stehen dabei ältere Personen im Alter 50+. Die Erfahrungen, die in beiden Surveys bei der Durchführung des Greiftests gemacht wurden – insbesondere auch hinsichtlich der Akzeptanz bei den Befragten – sind durchweg positiv. Herausragende Determinanten der isometrischen Greifkraft sind vor allem das Geschlecht, aber auch Alter, Körpergröße und Gewicht. Eine multivariate Betrachtung zeigt, dass sozio-ökonomische Merkmale (abgesehen vom Erwerbsstatus der Männer) keine eigenständige, statistisch signifikante Erklärungskraft haben. Unsere Ergebnisse belegen jedoch einen deutlich positiven Zusammenhang zwischen Gesundheit und Handgreifkraft und weisen zudem darauf hin, dass es verschiedene eigenständige Dimensionen von Gesundheit sind, die – zum Teil unabhängig vom Alter der Probanden – mit der Greifkraft korreliert sind. Die Perspektiven für zukünftige Längsschnittanalysen – das eigentliche Ziel der Messungen – werden als außerordentlich positiv eingeschätzt. ––– This paper shows that the measurement of hand grip strength provides a non-invasive and reliable objective health indicator for social science research and is easy to collect in general population surveys. Grip strength is not only a useful complement of self-reported indicators of health, but it also exhibits a considerable predictive power with regard to a number of further relevant variables, such as mortality risks. New data from the 2004 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and the 2005 Pretest of the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) allow first methodological and substantive cross-sectional analyses of grip strength in Germany. The focus of the present study is on the analysis of older individuals aged 50+. The experience of both surveys when measuring grip strength is consistently positive, particularly with regard to the respondents’ feedback. Major determinants of isometric grip strength are the individual’s sex as well as age, body size and weight. A multivariate analysis shows that socio-economic characteristics (except for men’s employment status) do not have an autonomous, statistically significant explanatory power. Our results provide evidence for a clear positive association between health and grip strength, though. Moreover, our findings indicate that various dimensions of health are independently correlated with grip strength, some of them irrespective of the subject’s age. Based on this experience, the perspectives for future longitudinal studies – which are the actual aim of the measurements – are considered to be excellent.

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Paper provided by Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging (MEA), University of Mannheim in its series MEA discussion paper series with number 06104.

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Date of creation: 03 May 2006
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Handle: RePEc:mea:meawpa:06104

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Postal: MEA - Mannheimer Forschungsinstitut Ökonomie und Demographischer Wandel, L13, 17, University of Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim
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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. James P. Smith, 2004. "Unravelling the SES health connection," IFS Working Papers W04/02, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
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  2. Jürgen Schupp & Gert G. Wagner, 2002. "Maintenance of and Innovation in Long-Term Panel Studies : The Case of the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP)," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 276, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
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