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Ãœbergang statt Untergang: Wider die Furcht vor dem Untergang

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  • Börsch-Supan, Axel

    (Munich Center for the Economics of Aging (MEA))

Abstract

Die Arbeitslosenstatistiken Westeuropas sind gut bekannt, ebenso ihr Verlauf: stark steigend in den Abschwungphasen der Konjunktur, kaum sinkend im den Aufschwungphasen. Zudem ist die Wochenarbeitszeit gesunken und die Urlaubszeit gestiegen, so daß die mittlere Jahresarbeitszeit in Deutschland seit 1960 von über 2100 Stunden pro Arbeitnehmer auf etwa 1620 Stunden im Jahr gesunken ist. Schließlich arbeiteten 1960 noch knapp 75% der 60 bis 65jährigen Männer in Deutschland, während heute nur noch etwa 29% der Männer dieses Alters arbeiten. In Frankreich sind es nur noch etwa 18%. In allen Dimensionen ist das Arbeitsvolumen also dramatisch gesunken, obwohl in der gleichen Zeit das Bruttoinlandsprodukt stark angestiegen ist. Geht uns die Arbeit aus? Brauchen wir sie nicht mehr? An Schwarzsehern mit dieser Botschaft fehlt es nicht. Sie reichen von dem Amerika-ner Jeremy Rifkin (“The end of work†) über die deutschen Spiegelautoren Hans-Peter Martin und Harald Schumann (“Die Globalisierungsfalle†) zur Französin Vivianne Forrester (“L’horreur économique†). Die jüngste Vergangenheit Europas extrapolierend warnen sie vor einer Zukunft, bei der ein Drittel, gar nur ein Fünftel der Bevölkerung arbeiten muß oder darf. Die Begründung für diese Ansicht scheint einleuchtend zu sein: Das Produktivitätswachstum, vor allem die Computerisierung, läßt es zu, daß immer mehr Güter und Dienstleistungen von immer weniger Menschen produziert werden können – und vernichtet somit einen Arbeitsplatz nach dem anderen. Dieser Autor teilt die Furcht vor dem Untergang der Arbeit jedoch nicht. Weder ist sie historisch begründbar, noch im internationalen Vergleich richtig, noch ökonomisch stimmig. Die Furcht vor dem Untergang der Arbeit ist die Furcht vor dem Strukturwandel, sonst nichts.

Suggested Citation

  • Börsch-Supan, Axel, 2002. "Ãœbergang statt Untergang: Wider die Furcht vor dem Untergang," MEA discussion paper series 02004, Munich Center for the Economics of Aging (MEA) at the Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:mea:meawpa:02004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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