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Human Capital and Macroeconomic Growth: Austria and Germany 1960-1997. An Update

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Author Info
Marin, Dalia
Koman, Reinhard

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Abstract

In an influential paper Mankiw, Romer, and Weil (1992) argue that the evidence on the international disparity in levels of per capita income and rates of growth is consistent with a standard Solow model, once it has been augmented to include human capital as an accumulable factor. In a study on Austria and Germany we augment the Solow model to allow for the accumulation of human capital. Based on a perpetual inventory estimation procedure we construct an aggregate measure of the stock of human capital of Austria and Germany by weighting workers of different schooling levels with their respective wage income. We obtain an estimate of the wage income of workers with different schooling from a Mincer type wage equation which quantifies how wages change with years of schooling. We find that the time series evidence on Austria and Germany is not consistent with a human capital augmented Solow model. Factor accumulation (broadly defined to include human capital) appears to be less (and not more) able to account for the cross-country growth performance of Austria and Germany when human capital accumulation is included in the analysis. Our results indicate that differences in technology are a driving factor in understanding cross country growth between these two neighboring countries with similar political and institutional background.

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Paper provided by University of Munich, Department of Economics in its series Discussion Papers in Economics with number 569.

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Date of creation: Apr 2005
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Handle: RePEc:lmu:muenec:569

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Related research
Keywords: Economic growth; total factor productivity; human capital; technical change; growth accounting;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
O1 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
O3 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change
O4 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

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  1. Gregory Mankiw, 1995. "The Growth of Nations," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 26(1995-1), pages 275-326. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Marin, Dalia, 1992. "Is the Export-Led.Growth Hypothesis Valid for Industrialized Countries?," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 74(4), pages 678-88, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Marin, Dalia, 1995. "Learning and Dynamic Comparative Advantage: Lessons from Austria's Post-war Pattern of Growth for Eastern Europe," CEPR Discussion Papers 1116, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Alwyn Young, 1995. "Growth Without Scale Effects," NBER Working Papers 5211, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Benhabib, Jess & Spiegel, Mark M., 1994. "The role of human capital in economic development evidence from aggregate cross-country data," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 143-173, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Nehru, Vikram & Swanson, Eric & Dubey, Ashutosh, 1995. "A new database on human capital stock in developing and industrial countries: Sources, methodology, and results," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(2), pages 379-401, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Ben-David, Dan, 1993. "Equalizing Exchange: Trade Liberalization and Income Convergence," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 108(3), pages 653-79, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Paul M. Romer, 1987. "Crazy Explanations for the Productivity Slowdown," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1987, Volume 2, pages 163-210 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  9. Rodrik, Dani, 1997. "TFPG Controversies, Institutions, and Economic Performance in East Asia," CEPR Discussion Papers 1587, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Hahn, Franz & Schmoranz, Ingo, 1984. "Estimates of Capital Stock by Industries for Austria," Review of Income and Wealth, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 30(3), pages 289-307, September.
  11. Alwyn Young, 1992. "A Tale of Two Cities: Factor Accumulation and Technical Change in Hong Kong and Singapore," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1992, Volume 7, pages 13-64 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  12. Mulligan, Casey B & Sala-i-Martin, Xavier, 1995. "A Labour-Income-Based Measure of the Value of Human Capital: An Application to the States of the United States," CEPR Discussion Papers 1146, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  13. Peter Klenow & Andrés Rodríguez-Clare, 1997. "The Neoclassical Revival in Growth Economics: Has It Gone Too Far?," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1997, Volume 12, pages 73-114 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  14. Mankiw, N Gregory & Romer, David & Weil, David N, 1992. "A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 107(2), pages 407-37, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  15. Jones, Charles I, 1995. "Time Series Tests of Endogenous Growth Models," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 110(2), pages 495-525, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Aghion, Philippe & Howitt, Peter, 1992. "A Model of Growth through Creative Destruction," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 60(2), pages 323-51, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  17. Ulrich Rendtel & Johannes Schwarze, 1995. "Zum Zusammenhang zwischen Lohnhöhe und Arbeitslosigkeit: neue Befunde auf Basis semi-parametrischer Schätzungen und eines verallgemeinerten Varianz-Komponenten-Modells," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 118, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
  18. Grossman, Gene M & Helpman, Elhanan, 1994. "Endogenous Innovation in the Theory of Growth," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 8(1), pages 23-44, Winter. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  19. Young, Alwyn, 1995. "The Tyranny of Numbers: Confronting the Statistical Realities of the East Asian Growth Experience," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 110(3), pages 641-80, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  20. Romer, Paul M., 1990. "Human capital and growth: Theory and evidence," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 251-286, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  21. Romer, Paul M, 1990. "Endogenous Technological Change," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(5), pages S71-102, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  22. Benhabib, Jess & Jovanovic, Boyan, 1991. "Externalities and Growth Accounting," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 81(1), pages 82-113, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  23. Lucas, Robert Jr., 1988. "On the mechanics of economic development," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 3-42, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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