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Flexibilité interne versus Flexibilité Externe du Travail: Quels Enseignements peut-on Tirer de l'Approche de la Firme en termes de Compétences?

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Author Info
Eve Caroli ()

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Abstract

Dans cet article nous partons d'une vision de la firme comme définie par ses compétences afin d'analyser les transformations dans les modes de gestion de la main-d'œuvre et, en particulier, le développement récent de la flexibilité externe du travail au détriment des marchés internes. Dans une première partie, nous présentons les approches de la firme en termes de compétences. Dans une seconde partie nous montrons que le choix des firmes quant à leur stratégie de flexibilité du travail (flexibilité externe vs interne) est étroitement lié à la nature de leur base de savoir. Si celui-ci est essentiellement tacite et porté par les individus, la flexibilité interne du travail s'avère indispensable au développement de compétences organisationnelles. Au contraire, si le savoir est largement codifiable et porté par la firme elle-même, le recours à la flexibilité externe apparaît moins coûteux sans pour autant être moins efficace. Dans ces conditions, le développement des stratégies de flexibilité externe apparaît étroitement lié à la diffusion des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication. Celles-ci conduisent en effet à un abaissement du coût de codification des connaissances et à une accélération du processus de destruction créatrice des compétences, réduisant par là même l'incitation à adopter une gestion de la main-d'œuvre fondée sur la flexibilité interne du travail.

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Paper provided by Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquee, INRA in its series Research Unit Working Papers with number 0010.

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Length: 29 pages
Date of creation: Sep 2000
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Handle: RePEc:lea:leawpi:0010

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Related research
Keywords: competences; marches internes du travail; nouvelles technologies;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J41 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Labor Contracts
O33 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. David Neumark, 2000. "Changes in Job Stability and Job Security: A Collective Effort to Untangle, Reconcile, and Interpret the Evidence," NBER Working Papers 7472, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Rebecca Henderson, 1993. "Underinvestment and Incompetence as Responses to Radical Innovation: Evidence from the Photolithographic Alignment Equipment Industry," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 24(2), pages 248-270, Summer. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Eliasson, Gunnar, 1990. "The firm as a competent team," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 275-298, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Cohen, Wesley M & Levinthal, Daniel A, 1989. "Innovation and Learning: The Two Faces of R&D," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 99(397), pages 569-96, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Teece, David J, 1993. "The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism: Perspectives on Alfred Chandler's Scale and Scope," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 31(1), pages 199-225, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Cowan, Robin & Foray, Dominique, 1997. "The Economics of Codification and the Diffusion of Knowledge," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press, vol. 6(3), pages 595-622, September.
  7. Senker, Jacqueline, 1995. "Tacit Knowledge and Models of Innovation," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press, vol. 4(2), pages 425-47.
  8. Chandler, Alfred D, 1992. "Organizational Capabilities and the Economic History of the Industrial Enterprise," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 6(3), pages 79-100, Summer. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Robin Cowan & Paul A. David & Dominique Foray, 1999. "The Explicit Economics of Knowledge Codification and Tacitness," Working Papers 99027, Stanford University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  10. Valletta, Robert G, 1999. "Declining Job Security," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 17(4), pages S170-97, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  11. Cohendet, Patrick, et al, 1999. "Knowledge Coordination, Competence Creation and Integrated Networks in Globalised Firms," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 23(2), pages 225-41, March.
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Luc Behahel, 2006. "Changement technologique et formation tout au long de la vie," Research Unit Working Papers 0602, Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquee, INRA. [Downloadable!]
  2. Christophe Ramaux, 2004. "L'introuvable instabilité croissante de l'emploi : et s'il n'existait pas de marché externe ?," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques r04049, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1). [Downloadable!]
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