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Testing convergence in non-stationary panel: a third generation approach

Author

Listed:
  • Abdou-Aziz NIANG

    (LEG - CNRS UMR 5118 - Université de Bourgogne)

  • Marie-Claude Pichery

    (LEG - CNRS UMR 5118 - Université de Bourgogne)

  • Marcellin EDJO

Abstract

(VF)Nous proposons ici une modification de la procédure de test de convergence en panel d'Evans et Karras (1996). La littérature empirique sur la convergence économique a tendance à ignorer les phénomènes d'interdépendances et de changement structurel qui affectent l'équation de convergence alors que la théorie économique insiste beaucoup sur la nécessité de leurs prises en compte. Se référant au test de racine unitaire de Moon et Perron (2004) récemment amélioré par Bai et Ng (2010), nous avons développé une démarche empirique de test de convergence qui permet de purger efficacement les dépendances inter-économies sur la base de la procédure "Panel Analysis of Nonstationarity in the Idiosyncratic and Common components" (PANIC) de Bai et Ng (2004). Il a également été montré par simulations de Monte-Carlo qu'en plus de contrôler les interdépendances, PANIC offre aussi l'avantage de traiter naturellement l'existence d'un unique changement structurel et d'éliminer les problèmes de puissance de test qu'il engendre. Des applications sont ensuite menées sur un échantillon de 40 pays riches et pauvres dont la moitié est membre de l'OCDE et l'autre moitié composée de pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne.(VA)This paper proposes a modification of Evans and Karras' (1996) testing procedure for economic convergence in panel. While economic literature argues in favour of the presence of cross-unit dependencies and breaks in macro-economic time series, convergence tests in panel generally rule out theses phenomenon. Referring to panel unit root test proposed by Moon and Perron (2004) recently improved by Bai and Ng (2010), our empirical procedure allows for purging effects of cross- country correlation and structural instability from the convergence equation on the basis of the Panel Analysis of Nonstationarity in the Idiosyncratic and Common components (PANIC). Using an extension of Bai and Ng's (2010) simulations by including structural break, we show that in addition of controlling correlations, PANIC also offers the advantage of naturally treating the presence of a single structural change and then permits to solve problems of low power it generates. Applications are then conducted using sample composed by 20 countries of OECD members and 20 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdou-Aziz NIANG & Marie-Claude Pichery & Marcellin EDJO, 2011. "Testing convergence in non-stationary panel: a third generation approach," LEG - Document de travail - Economie 2011-03, LEG, Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne.
  • Handle: RePEc:lat:legeco:e2011-03
    Note: This work is dedicated to the memory of Marcellin EDJO, who disappeared prematurely on 14 December 2008 in Dakar (Senegal). Marcellin was an economist at the BCEAO. He worked on economic convergence in the contect of properties of non-stationary series. He contributed to a first version of this paper.
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    Keywords

    (VF)ß-convergence ; données de panel ; racine unitaire ; modèle factoriel ; dépendance interindividuelle ; changement structurel.(VA)ß-convergence; Unit root; Panel data; Factor model; Cross-sectional dependence; Structural change.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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