IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/lat/lateco/2000-05.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Econométrie spatiale 1 -Autocorrélation spatiale

Author

Listed:
  • LE GALLO, Julie

    (LATEC - CNRS - Université de Bourgogne)

Abstract

Les méthodes de l'économétrie spatiale visent à traiter les deux grandes particularités des données spatiales : l'autocorrélation spatiale qui se réfère à l'absence d'indépendance entre observations géographiques et l'hétérogénéité spatiale qui est liée à la différenciation dans l'espace des variables et des comportements. Ces techniques ont connu de nombreux développements depuis une dizaine d'années et sont de plus en plus appliquées dans les études empiriques nécessitant l'utilisation de données géographiques. L'objectif de cet article est de présenter les diverses façons permettant de modéliser l'autocorrélation et l'hétérogénéité spatiales ainsi que les procédures d'estimation et d'inférence adaptées aux modèles incorporant ces deux effets. L'article est divisé en deux parties. Cette première partie est consacrée au problème de l'autocorrélation spatiale (document de travail n° 2000-05) alors que la seconde portera sur le problème de l'hétérogénéité spatiale (document de travail n° 2001-01). / Spatial econometric methods aim at taking into account the two special characteristics of spatial data: spatial autocorrelation, which is the lack of independence between geographical observations, and spatial heterogeneity, which is related to the differentiation of variables and behaviors in space. These techniques have been mostly developed the last ten years and are more often applied in empirical studies with geographical data. The aim of this article is to present the way spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity can be incorporated in regression relationships and to present the estimation and inference procedures adapted to the models incorporating these two effects. This article is divided in two parts. This first part deals with spatial autocorrelation (working paper N° 2000-05) and the second part will deal with spatial heterogeneity (working paper N° 2001-01).

Suggested Citation

  • LE GALLO, Julie, 2000. "Econométrie spatiale 1 -Autocorrélation spatiale," LATEC - Document de travail - Economie (1991-2003) 2000-05, LATEC, Laboratoire d'Analyse et des Techniques EConomiques, CNRS UMR 5118, Université de Bourgogne.
  • Handle: RePEc:lat:lateco:2000-05
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kelejian, Harry H & Prucha, Ingmar R, 1999. "A Generalized Moments Estimator for the Autoregressive Parameter in a Spatial Model," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 40(2), pages 509-533, May.
    2. Avery, Robert B & Hansen, Lars Peter & Hotz, V Joseph, 1983. "Multiperiod Probit Models and Orthogonality Condition Estimation," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 24(1), pages 21-35, February.
    3. Davidson, Russell & MacKinnon, James G, 1981. "Several Tests for Model Specification in the Presence of Alternative Hypotheses," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(3), pages 781-793, May.
    4. Leen Hordijk, 1979. "Problems In Estimating Econometric Relations In Space," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(1), pages 99-115, January.
    5. Daniel A. Griffith, 1999. "Statistical and mathematical sources of regional science theory: Map pattern analysis as an example," Papers in Regional Science, Springer;Regional Science Association International, vol. 78(1), pages 21-45.
    6. Florax, Raymond & Folmer, Henk, 1992. "Specification and estimation of spatial linear regression models : Monte Carlo evaluation of pre-test estimators," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 405-432, September.
    7. Kelejian, Harry H & Prucha, Ingmar R, 1998. "A Generalized Spatial Two-Stage Least Squares Procedure for Estimating a Spatial Autoregressive Model with Autoregressive Disturbances," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 99-121, July.
    8. Griffith, Daniel A., 1981. "Modelling urban population density in a multi-centered city," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 298-310, May.
    9. Dale J. Poirier & Paul A. Ruud, 1988. "Probit with Dependent Observations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 55(4), pages 593-614.
    10. Piet Rietveld & Patrick Wintershoven, 1998. "Border Effects And Spatial Autocorrelation In The Supply Of Network Infrastructure," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 77(3), pages 265-276, July.
    11. Heijmans, Risto D. H. & Magnus, Jan R., 1986. "Asymptotic Normmality of Maximum Likelihood Estimators Obtained from Normally Distributed but Dependent Observations," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 2(3), pages 374-412, December.
    12. Magnus, Jan R., 1978. "Maximum likelihood estimation of the GLS model with unknown parameters in the disturbance covariance matrix," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 281-312, April.
    13. Heijmans, Risto D. H. & Magnus, Jan R., 1986. "Consistent maximum-likelihood estimation with dependent observations : The general (non-normal) case and the normal case," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 253-285, July.
    14. Can, Ayse, 1992. "Specification and estimation of hedonic housing price models," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 453-474, September.
    15. A S Brandsma & R H Ketellapper, 1979. "A Biparametric Approach to Spatial Autocorrelation," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 11(1), pages 51-58, January.
    16. Harry H. Kelejian & Dennis P. Robinson, 1993. "A Suggested Method Of Estimation For Spatial Interdependent Models With Autocorrelated Errors, And An Application To A County Expenditure Model," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 72(3), pages 297-312, July.
    17. Harry H. Kelejian & Dennis P. Robinson, 1997. "Infrastructure Productivity Estimation And Its Underlying Econometric Specifications: A Sensitivity Analysis," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 76(1), pages 115-131, January.
    18. Blommestein, H. J., 1985. "Elimination of circular routes in spatial dynamic regression equations," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 121-130, February.
    19. Anselin, Luc & Bera, Anil K. & Florax, Raymond & Yoon, Mann J., 1996. "Simple diagnostic tests for spatial dependence," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 77-104, February.
    20. Luc Anselin & Attila Varga & Zoltan Acs, 2008. "Local Geographic Spillovers Between University Research and High Technology Innovations," Chapters, in: Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy, chapter 9, pages 95-121, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    21. Kelley Pace, R. & Barry, Ronald, 1997. "Sparse spatial autoregressions," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 291-297, May.
    22. H. Kelejian, Harry & Prucha, Ingmar R., 2001. "On the asymptotic distribution of the Moran I test statistic with applications," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 104(2), pages 219-257, September.
    23. Luc Anselin, 1984. "Specification Tests On The Structure Of Interaction In Spatial Econometric Models," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(1), pages 165-182, January.
    24. Raymond J. G. M. Florax & Serge Rey, 1995. "The Impacts of Misspecified Spatial Interaction in Linear Regression Models," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Luc Anselin & Raymond J. G. M. Florax (ed.), New Directions in Spatial Econometrics, chapter 5, pages 111-135, Springer.
    25. Smirnov, Oleg & Anselin, Luc, 2001. "Fast maximum likelihood estimation of very large spatial autoregressive models: a characteristic polynomial approach," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 301-319, January.
    26. Harry H. Kelejian & Ingmar R. Prucha, 1997. "Estimation of Spatial Regression Models with Autoregressive Errors by Two-Stage Least Squares Procedures: A Serious Problem," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 20(1-2), pages 103-111, April.
    27. Kelley Pace, R., 1997. "Performing large spatial regressions and autoregressions," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 54(3), pages 283-291, July.
    28. L W Hepple, 1998. "Exact Testing for Spatial Autocorrelation among Regression Residuals," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 30(1), pages 85-108, January.
    29. Pace, R Kelley & Gilley, Otis W, 1997. "Using the Spatial Configuration of the Data to Improve Estimation," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 333-340, May.
    30. Case, Anne, 1992. "Neighborhood influence and technological change," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 491-508, September.
    31. James P. Lesage, 1997. "Bayesian Estimation of Spatial Autoregressive Models," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 20(1-2), pages 113-129, April.
    32. Robin Dubin, 1995. "Estimating Logit Models with Spatial Dependence," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Luc Anselin & Raymond J. G. M. Florax (ed.), New Directions in Spatial Econometrics, chapter 10, pages 229-242, Springer.
    33. Sergio Rey & Brett Montouri, 1999. "US Regional Income Convergence: A Spatial Econometric Perspective," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 143-156.
    34. Arthur Getis, 1995. "Spatial Filtering in a Regression Framework: Examples Using Data on Urban Crime, Regional Inequality, and Government Expenditures," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Luc Anselin & Raymond J. G. M. Florax (ed.), New Directions in Spatial Econometrics, chapter 8, pages 172-185, Springer.
    35. Bera, Anil K. & Yoon, Mann J., 1993. "Specification Testing with Locally Misspecified Alternatives," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 9(4), pages 649-658, August.
    36. repec:cup:etheor:v:9:y:1993:i:4:p:649-58 is not listed on IDEAS
    37. repec:umd:umdeco:kelepruc is not listed on IDEAS
    38. Case, Anne C, 1991. "Spatial Patterns in Household Demand," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(4), pages 953-965, July.
    39. Pinkse, Joris & Slade, Margaret E., 1998. "Contracting in space: An application of spatial statistics to discrete-choice models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 85(1), pages 125-154, July.
    40. Anselin, Luc, 1988. "A test for spatial autocorrelation in seemingly unrelated regressions," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 335-341.
    41. Breusch, Trevor S., 1980. "Useful invariance results for generalized regression models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 327-340, August.
    42. Paelinck, J., 1978. "Spatial econometrics," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 1(1), pages 59-63.
    43. Harry H. Kelejian & Dennis P. Robinson, 1995. "Spatial Correlation: A Suggested Alternative to the Autoregressive Model," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Luc Anselin & Raymond J. G. M. Florax (ed.), New Directions in Spatial Econometrics, chapter 3, pages 75-95, Springer.
    44. Brueckner, Jan K., 1998. "Testing for Strategic Interaction Among Local Governments: The Case of Growth Controls," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 438-467, November.
    45. Catherine Baumont & Cem Ertur & Julie Le Gallo, 2000. "Geographic spillover and growth (a spatial econometric analysis for european regions)," Working Papers hal-01526987, HAL.
    46. Aten, Bettina, 1996. "Evidence of Spatial Autocorrelation in International Prices," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 42(2), pages 149-163, June.
    47. James C. Murdoch & Morteza Rahmatian & Mark A. Thayer, 1993. "A Spatially Autoregressive Median Voter Model of Recreation Expenditures," Public Finance Review, , vol. 21(3), pages 334-350, July.
    48. M Tiefelsdorf & B Boots, 1995. "The Exact Distribution of Moran's I," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 27(6), pages 985-999, June.
    49. Anselin, Luc & Hudak, Sheri, 1992. "Spatial econometrics in practice : A review of software options," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 509-536, September.
    50. Case, Anne C. & Rosen, Harvey S. & Hines, James Jr., 1993. "Budget spillovers and fiscal policy interdependence : Evidence from the states," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(3), pages 285-307, October.
    51. L Anselin, 1982. "A Note on Small Sample Properties of Estimators in a First-Order Spatial Autoregressive Model," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 14(8), pages 1023-1030, August.
    52. Can, Ayse & Megbolugbe, Isaac, 1997. "Spatial Dependence and House Price Index Construction," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 14(1-2), pages 203-222, Jan.-Marc.
    53. BAUMONT, Catherine & ERTUR, Cem & LE GALLO, Julie, 2000. "Convergence des régions européennes. Une approche par l'économétrie spatiale," LATEC - Document de travail - Economie (1991-2003) 2000-03, LATEC, Laboratoire d'Analyse et des Techniques EConomiques, CNRS UMR 5118, Université de Bourgogne.
    54. Arthur Getis, 1990. "Screening For Spatial Dependence In Regression Analysis," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 69(1), pages 69-81, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sébastien CHANTELOT & Stéphanie PERES & Stéphane VIROL, 2010. "The geography of French creative class: An exploratory spatial data analysis," Cahiers du GREThA (2007-2019) 2010-16, Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée (GREThA).
    2. Julie Le Gallo, 2002. "Économétrie spatiale : l'autocorrélation spatiale dans les modèles de régression linéaire," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 155(4), pages 139-157.
    3. Frédéric PUECH, 2005. "How Do Criminals Locate? Crime and Spatial Dependence in Minas Gerais," Working Papers 200524, CERDI.
    4. Jeanne DACHARY-BERNARD & Sandrine LYSER & Frédéric GASCHET & Guillaume POUYANNE & Stéphane VIROL, 2011. "Real Estate and Land Values on the shoreline: a transaction-level analysis (In French)," Cahiers du GREThA (2007-2019) 2011-07, Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée (GREThA).
    5. Véronique Gille, 2012. "Education spillovers: empirical evidence in rural India," Indian Growth and Development Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 5(1), pages 4-24, April.
    6. Jacques Mairesse & Benoît Mulkay, 2007. "An Exploration of Local R&D Spillovers in France," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 87-88, pages 145-166.
    7. LE GALLO, Julie, 2000. "Econométrie spatiale 2 -Hétérogénéité spatiale," LATEC - Document de travail - Economie (1991-2003) 2001-01, LATEC, Laboratoire d'Analyse et des Techniques EConomiques, CNRS UMR 5118, Université de Bourgogne.
    8. Jonas Kibala Kuma, 2020. "Regional integration, natural agglomerations and economic convergence in SADC : Econometric approach [Intégration régionale, agglomérations naturelles et convergence économique au sein de la SADC :," Working Papers hal-02424909, HAL.
    9. GUILLAIN, Rachel & DALL'ERBA, Sandy & LE GALLO, Julie, 2007. "Politiques de développement et croissance régionale en Europe : le rôle des rendements croissants et des dépendances spatiales," LEG - Document de travail - Economie 2007-02, LEG, Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne.
    10. Nathalie Georges & Yannick L'Horty & Florent Sari, 2012. "Comment réduire la fracture spatiale ? Une application en Ile-de-France," TEPP Research Report 2012-07, TEPP.
    11. Nicolas Debarsy & Cem Ertur, 2006. "The European Enlargement Process and Regional Convergence Revisited: Spatial Effects Still Matter," ERSA conference papers ersa06p198, European Regional Science Association.
    12. Quentin Frère & Hakim Hammadou & Sonia Paty, 2011. "Is there a "zoo effect" in French local governments?," INRA UMR CESAER Working Papers 2011/1, INRA UMR CESAER, Centre d'’Economie et Sociologie appliquées à l'’Agriculture et aux Espaces Ruraux.
    13. KOCH, Wilfried, 2004. "Effets de voisinage dans le modèle de Solow avec des externalités spatiales," LEG - Document de travail - Economie 2004-06, LEG, Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne.
    14. ERTUR, Cem & KOCH, Wilfried, 2004. "Analyse spatiale des disparités régionales dans l'Europe élargie," LEG - Document de travail - Economie 2004-03, LEG, Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne.
    15. Letort, Élodie & Temesgen, Chalachew, 2014. "Influence of environmental policies on farmland prices in the Bretagne region of France," Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement (RAEStud), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 95(1).
    16. Chantelot Sèbastien, 2011. "French creative clusters: An exploratory spatial data analysis," ERSA conference papers ersa10p477, European Regional Science Association.
    17. Julie Le Gallo, 2000. "Spatial econometrics (2, Spatial heterogeneity) [Econométrie spatiale (2, Hétérogénéité spatiale)]," Working Papers hal-01526969, HAL.
    18. Stéphane Virol & Guillaume Pouyanne & Sandrine Lyser & Frédéric Gaschet & Jeanne Dachary-Bernard, 2011. "L’impact de la littoralisation sur les marchés fonciers. Une approche comparative des côtes basque et charentaise," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 444(1), pages 127-154.
    19. Meunier, Olivier & Mignolet , Michel & Mulquin, Marie-Eve, 2007. "Interpersonal transfers: Do they impact the growth of poor and rich European regions?," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 10, pages 155-170.
    20. Gille, Véronique, 2011. "Education spillovers in farm productivity: empirical evidence in rural India," Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Berlin 2011 31, Verein für Socialpolitik, Research Committee Development Economics.
    21. Christophe Providence, 2018. "Disparités spatiales et financement des biens et services publics de proximité en Haïti. Le cas des budgets communaux de 2017-2018," Post-Print hal-02124721, HAL.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Julie Le Gallo, 2000. "Spatial econometrics (1, Spatial autocorrelation) [Econométrie spatiale (1, Autocorrélation spatiale)]," Working Papers hal-01527290, HAL.
    2. Julie Le Gallo, 2002. "Économétrie spatiale : l'autocorrélation spatiale dans les modèles de régression linéaire," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 155(4), pages 139-157.
    3. repec:asg:wpaper:1013 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Luc Anselin, 2010. "Thirty years of spatial econometrics," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 89(1), pages 3-25, March.
    5. Anselin, Luc, 2002. "Under the hood : Issues in the specification and interpretation of spatial regression models," Agricultural Economics, Blackwell, vol. 27(3), pages 247-267, November.
    6. Raymond J. G. M. Florax & Arno J. Van der Vlist, 2003. "Spatial Econometric Data Analysis: Moving Beyond Traditional Models," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 26(3), pages 223-243, July.
    7. Kelejian, Harry H. & Prucha, Ingmar R., 2007. "HAC estimation in a spatial framework," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 140(1), pages 131-154, September.
    8. Cem Ertur & Thiaw Kalidou, 2005. "Growth and Spatial Dependence - The Mankiw, Romer and Weil model revisited," ERSA conference papers ersa05p660, European Regional Science Association.
    9. Kapoor, Mudit & Kelejian, Harry H. & Prucha, Ingmar R., 2007. "Panel data models with spatially correlated error components," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 140(1), pages 97-130, September.
    10. Zhou, Bin (Brenda) & Kockelman, Kara M., 2009. "Predicting the distribution of households and employment: a seemingly unrelated regression model with two spatial processes," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 369-376.
    11. Revelli, Federico, 2006. "Performance rating and yardstick competition in social service provision," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(3), pages 459-475, February.
    12. Kelejian, Harry H. & Prucha, Ingmar R., 2004. "Estimation of simultaneous systems of spatially interrelated cross sectional equations," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 118(1-2), pages 27-50.
    13. Won Kim, Chong & Phipps, Tim T. & Anselin, Luc, 2003. "Measuring the benefits of air quality improvement: a spatial hedonic approach," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 24-39, January.
    14. Bivand, Roger & Szymanski, Stefan, 2000. "Modelling the spatial impact of the introduction of Compulsory Competitive Tendering," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 203-219, March.
    15. Gupta, Abhimanyu & Robinson, Peter M., 2018. "Pseudo maximum likelihood estimation of spatial autoregressive models with increasing dimension," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 92-107.
    16. Saavedra, Luz A., 2003. "Tests for spatial lag dependence based on method of moments estimation," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 27-58, January.
    17. David M. Drukker & Peter Egger & Ingmar R. Prucha, 2013. "On Two-Step Estimation of a Spatial Autoregressive Model with Autoregressive Disturbances and Endogenous Regressors," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(5-6), pages 686-733, August.
    18. Jin, Fei & Lee, Lung-fei, 2013. "Cox-type tests for competing spatial autoregressive models with spatial autoregressive disturbances," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(4), pages 590-616.
    19. Fang, Ying & Park, Sung Y. & Zhang, Jinfeng, 2014. "A simple spatial dependence test robust to local and distributional misspecifications," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 124(2), pages 203-206.
    20. Raffaella SANTOLINI, 2007. "An Empitical Analysis of Political and Informative Trends on Municipalities of an Italian Region," Working Papers 294, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I), Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali.
    21. Cem Ertur & Julie Le Gallo & Catherine Baumont, 2006. "The European Regional Convergence Process, 1980-1995: Do Spatial Regimes and Spatial Dependence Matter?," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 29(1), pages 3-34, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    économétrie spatiale; autocorrélation spatiale; hétérogénéité spatiale spatial econometrics; spatial autocorrelation; spatial heterogeneity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • R15 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Methods

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:lat:lateco:2000-05. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: the person in charge (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/latecfr.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.