Toderich Kristina (Department of Desert Ecology ＆ Water Resources Research, Samarkand Division of Uzbek’s Academy of Sciences) Tsukatani Tsuneo () (Institute of Economic Research, Kyoto University) Petukhov Oleg (Department of Environments and Natural Protection, Navoi Mining Metallurgical Combinate) Gruthinov Victor (Department of Environments and Natural Protection, Navoi Mining Metallurgical Combinate) Khujanazarov Timur (Department of Desert Ecology ＆ Water Resources Research, Samarkand Division of Uzbek’s Academy of Sciences) Juylova Elena (Department of Desert Ecology ＆ Water Resources Research, Samarkand Division of Uzbek’s Academy of Sciences)
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The focus of this research is on the salt/metalliferous pollutants because of their extreme toxicity, carcinogenicity, wide distribution and slow biodegradation under the harsh arid/semiarid environments. The extent of pollution of surface water and plants by various contents of salts, traces of heavy metals is presented for different regions of Zerafshan River Basin and Kyzylkum Desert. Soils and water contaminated with cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, selenium, arsenic, molybdenum, manganese, chromium, various oxidizers (Mn, NO3-, Fe +3, Al +3, ClO3-), NH4 and organic pollutants show natural colonization by species that have strategies of avoidance or tolerance to salt/metal toxities. Mapping of plant colonists of salts/metal contaminated soils, seed reproduction and cellular structures of tolerant taxa named as metallohalophytes are examined in the light of present knowledge of such strategies. Electrolytic adsorption and in situ immobilization technologies for cleaning pollutants of mining contaminated soils and underground water are suggested. Phytoremediation technology in the present case may offer a cost-effective and ecologically sound alternative.
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Paper provided by Kyoto University, Institute of Economic Research in its series KIER Working Papers with number
629.