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Institutionelle Anreizfaktoren im deutschen Schulsystem: Status quo und Reformoptionen am Beispiel Nordrhein-Westfalens

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  • Benedikt Langner
  • Jochen Siller

Abstract

Im vorliegenden Artikel argumentieren wir, dass eine alleinige Ausweitung der finanziellen Ressourcen für den primaren und sekundaren Bildungsbereich als Reaktion auf das schlechte Abschneiden deutscher Schüler bei internationalen Vergleichsstudien eine ineffiziente Verwendung öffentlicher Gelder darstellen würde. Die Anreizstrukturen im Status quo sind weit davon entfernt, den Interessen des entscheidenden Akteurs innerhalb des Bildungswesens zu dienen, d. h. denjenigen des Schülers bzw. der Schülerin. Bereits mit den gegebenen finanziellen Ressourcen könnte diesem Ziel deutlich näher gekommen werden, wenn das institutionelle Anreizumfeld für die im Schulsystem handelnden Akteure – vor allem Lehrer, Schulleitungen und Schüler bzw. ihre Eltern – entsprechend ausgerichtet würde. Mit Hilfe des Prinzipal-Agenten-Ansatzes stellen wir zunächst die unterschiedlichen Abhängigkeiten und Anreizstrukturen im Bildungswesen abstrakt vor. Daran anschließend zeigen wir auf, wie die existierenden schulpolitischen Reformvorchläge aus anreiztheoretischer Sicht zu bewerten sind. Am Beispiel Nordrhein-Westfalens wird schließlich konkretisiert, welche Vorteile die Gewährung von Schulautonomie, mehr Wahlfreiheit für Eltern und Wettbewerb zwischen den Schulen aufweisen, bzw. bei geeigneter Umsetzung aufweisen könnten. Im vorliegenden Artikel ist es nicht das Ziel, Schulqualität gemessen an den Indikatoren internationaler Vergleichsstudien bei gegebenem Ressourceneinsatz zu maximieren. Stattdessen sollen die Anreize so ausgerichtet werden, dass sie dem Schüler bzw. den entscheidungsbefugten Eltern zum Vorteil gereichen, und dass diese entscheiden können, was unter hoher Schulqualität zu verstehen ist.

Suggested Citation

  • Benedikt Langner & Jochen Siller, 2008. "Institutionelle Anreizfaktoren im deutschen Schulsystem: Status quo und Reformoptionen am Beispiel Nordrhein-Westfalens," Otto-Wolff-Institut Discussion Paper Series 03/2008, Otto-Wolff-Institut für Wirtschaftsordnung, Köln, Deutschland.
  • Handle: RePEc:kln:owiwdp:dp_03_2008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Education Reform;

    JEL classification:

    • D02 - Microeconomics - - General - - - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
    • I22 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Educational Finance; Financial Aid
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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