Die internationale Diskussion der letzten Jahrzehnte hat zur Frage nach einer effizienten Gestaltung der Einkommenssicherung von Arbeitslosen eine Reihe von Vorschlägen hervorgebracht, wie die von Beenstock/Brasse, Feldstein /Altman, Grubel und Orzag/Snower. Sie werden dargestellt und bewertet. Als ökonomisch beste Lösung stellt sich ein reines Versicherungsmodell heraus. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird daher auf die besonders in Deutschland vorherrschenden Zweifel an der Versicherbarkeit des Arbeitslosigkeitsrisikos eingegangen; diese Zweifel sind zum Teil auch Gegenstand der Standardwerke zur Versicherungsökonomie. Es wird gezeigt, daß die Kerneinwände nicht tragfähig sind: "Moral hazard" und "Adverse selection" schließen die Versicherbarkeit des Arbeitslosigkeitsrisikos keineswegs aus.
The paper is about the economically efficient design of financial transfers to the unemployed in a highly industrialized country. There have been quite a few contributions to this problem — for example by Beenstock/Brasse, Feldstein/ Altman, Grubel, Orzag/Snower — which are presented and discussed. It turns out that a true unemployment insurance would be the most efficient way to solve the transfer problem. The second part of the paper deals with often-raised objections against such a solution. For example, insurability is often denied on the ground that an unemployment insurance would be too expensive due to moral hazard and adverse selection. It is shown that neither moral hazard nor adverse selection are insurmountable obstacles to a private insurance market.
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Paper provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy in its series Kiel Working Papers with number
1052.
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