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Are Austrian Returns to Education Falling Over Time?

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Author Info
Josef Fersterer (University of Linz, Austria)
Rudolf Winter-Ebmer () (University of Linz, Austria, WIFO, IZA and CEPR)

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Abstract

In this paper we make a systematic presentation of returns to education in Austria for the period 1981-1997. We use consistent cross-sections from the Mikrozensus and find falling returns over time. These falling returns are not caused by changes in the sample design and reduced willingness to reveal personal incomes in the survey. Moreover, it is shown that especially returns to university education have fallen. If the focus is not on mean returns, but if we apply quantile regression techniques, interesting patterns emerge: returns are falling the most in the lowest quantiles, but remain almost constant in the highest quantiles. The overall picture of falling returns is consistent with a rise in the supply of highly-educated workers in the recent two decades.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in its series IZA Discussion Papers with number 72.

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Length: 30 pages
Date of creation: Nov 1999
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Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp72

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Related research
Keywords: Returns to education; quantile regression; sample selection;

Other versions of this item:

Find related papers by JEL classification:
I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Ichino, Andrea & Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 1999. "Lower and upper bounds of returns to schooling: An exercise in IV estimation with different instruments," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(4-6), pages 889-901, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Koenker, Roger & Bassett, Gilbert, Jr, 1982. "Robust Tests for Heteroscedasticity Based on Regression Quantiles," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(1), pages 43-61, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Orley Ashenfelter & Colm Harmon & Hessel Oosterbeek, 2000. "A Review of Estimates of the Schooling/Earnings Relationship, with Tests for Publication Bias," NBER Working Papers 7457, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Mwabu, Germano & Schultz, T Paul, 1996. "Education Returns across Quantiles of the Wage Function: Alternative Explanations for Returns to Education by Race in South Africa," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(2), pages 335-39, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Hungerford, Thomas & Solon, Gary, 1987. "Sheepskin Effects in the Returns to Education," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 69(1), pages 175-77, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Card, David, 1999. "The causal effect of education on earnings," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 30, pages 1801-1863 Elsevier. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Goldin, Claudia, 1998. "America's Graduation from High School: The Evolution and Spread of Secondary Schooling in the Twentieth Century," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 58(02), pages 345-374, June. [Downloadable!]
  8. Psacharopoulos, George, 1994. "Returns to investment in education: A global update," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 22(9), pages 1325-1343, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Zweimuller, J & Winter-Ebmer, R, 1994. "Gender Wage Differentials in Private and Public Sector Jobs," Journal of Population Economics, Springer, vol. 7(3), pages 271-85, July.
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  10. Sicherman, Nachum, 1991. ""Overeducation" in the Labor Market," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 9(2), pages 101-22, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Andrea Ichino & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, 2004. "The Long-Run Educational Cost of World War II," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 22(1), pages 57-86, January. [Downloadable!]
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Harry Anthony Patrinos & Chris Sakellariou, 2006. "Economic volatility and returns to education in Venezuela: 1992--2002," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 38(17), pages 1991-2005, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Giovagnoli, Paula Ines & Fiszbein, Ariel & Patrinos, Harry Anthony, 2005. "Estimating the returns to education in Argentina : 1992-2002," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3715, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  3. Budria, Santiago & Telhado-Pereira, Pedro, 2005. "Educational Qualifications and Wage Inequality: Evidence for Europe," MPRA Paper 91, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Dalia Marin, 2004. "‘A Nation of Poets and Thinkers’ - Less So with Eastern Enlargement? Austria and Germany," Discussion Papers 77, SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Gudrun Biffl & Joseph E. Isaac, 2001. "Should Higher Education Students Pay Tuiton Fees?," WIFO Working Papers 172, WIFO. [Downloadable!]
  6. Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, 2000. "Long-term consequences of an innovative redundancy-retraining project: The Austrian Steel Foundation," Economics working papers 2000-29, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria. [Downloadable!]
  7. Fersterer, Josef & Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 2000. "Smoking, Discount Rates, and Returns to Education," IZA Discussion Papers 126, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 2001. "Evaluating an Innovative Redundancy-Retraining Project: The Austrian Steel Foundation," IZA Discussion Papers 277, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Budria, Santiago, 2005. "Can over-education account for the positive association between education and within-groups wage inequality? A note," MPRA Paper 92, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  10. Georg Wernhart & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, 2008. "Do Austrian Men and Women Become more Equal? At Least in Terms of Labor Supply!," Economics working papers 2008-05, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria. [Downloadable!]
  11. Böheim, René & Hofer, Helmut & Zulehner, Christine, 2005. "Wage Differences Between Men and Women in Austria: Evidence from 1983 and 1997," IZA Discussion Papers 1554, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  12. Pedro Telhado Pereira & Pedro Silva Martins, 2002. "Does Education Reduce Wage Inequality? Quantile Regressions Evidence from Fifteen European Countries," Discussion Papers 709, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  13. Gustavsson, Magnus, 2004. "Changes in Educational Wage Premiums in Sweden: 1992-2001," Working Paper Series 2004:10, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
  14. B. Müge Tunaer & Yaprak Gülcan, 2006. "Measuring Returns to Education in Turkey," Papers of the Annual IUE-SUNY Cortland Conference in Economics, in: Proceedings of the Conference on Human and Economic Resources, pages 66-71 Izmir University of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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