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The Costs of Missing the Millennium Development Goal on Gender Equity

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Author Info
Abu-Ghaida, Dina (World Bank)
Klasen, Stephan () (University of Göttingen and IZA Bonn)

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Abstract

At the Millennium Summit, the world community pledged to promote gender equality and chose as a specific target the achievement of gender equity in primary and secondary education by the year 2005 in every country of the world. Based on the findings from a growing empirical literature that suggests that gender equity in education promotes economic growth and reduce fertility, child mortality, and undernutrition, we estimate what the costs in terms of growth, and forgone fertility, mortality and undernutrition reduction, will be for the 45 countries that are, on current projections, unlikely to meet the target. Our estimates suggest that, by 2005, the countries that are off track are likely to suffer 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower per capita growth rates as a result and will have 0.1-0.4 more children per woman, and, by 2015, an average of 15 per 1000 higher rates of under five mortality and 2.5 percentage points higher prevalence of underweight children under five. Sensitivity analyses suggest that the results are quite robust to using different specifications and approaches to estimating these losses.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in its series IZA Discussion Papers with number 1031.

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Length: 43 pages
Date of creation: Feb 2004
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Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp1031

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Related research
Keywords: gender bias education millennium development goals growth

Other versions of this item:

Find related papers by JEL classification:
I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education
J7 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination
J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Thiele, Rainer & Nunnenkamp, Peter & Dreher, Axel, 2006. "Sectoral Aid Priorities: Are Donors Really Doing their Best to Achieve the Millennium Development Goals?," Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Berlin 2006 21, Verein für Socialpolitik, Research Committee Development Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Rainer Thiele & Peter Nunnenkamp & Axel Dreher, 2007. "Do Donors Target Aid in Line with the Millennium Development Goals? A Sector Perspective of Aid Allocation," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 143(4), pages 596-630, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Stephan Klasen, 2006. "Pro-Poor Growth and Gender Inequality," Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Papers 151, Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  4. Stephan Klasen, 2004. "Gender-Related Indicators of Well-Being," Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Papers 102, Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  5. Chen, Derek H.C., 2004. "Gender equality and economic development : the role for information and communication technologies," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3285, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  6. Eric Neumayer & Indra de Soysa, 2005. "Globalization, Women’s Economic Rights and Forced Labor," Labor and Demography 0509011, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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