This paper deals with the calculation of shadow prices for two industrial wastes generated on their production processes by a sample of eighteen firms belonging to the Spanish ceramic pavements industry. These prices are used to construct a corrected index of productivity which allows for considering wastes going with the production of marketable goods. It is followed the ethodologicalapproach first proposed by Färe, Grosskopf, Lovell y Yaisawarng (1993), which establishes a duality between distance and revenue functions. The shadow prices obtained for watery muds and used oils allow to measure in terms of a loss of marketable output the cost of achieving a marginal reduction in the production of these wastes. It is also found a negative correlation between absolute shadow prices and the intensity of wastes production, reflecting a greater marginal cost of eliminating wastes for those firms that have already made investments on cleaner procedures. Finally, differences between a conventional labour productivity index and a corrected productivity index are related to some firms¿ characteristics: size, recorded investments in cleaner technologies ad affiliation to a Ceramics Technological Institute, and found to be statistically significant. En este trabajo se estiman los precios sombra de los residuos industriales que acompañan a laproducción de pavimentos cerámicos de un conjunto de dieciocho empresas del sector. Estosprecios son utilizados para construir una medida corregida de productividad que considera laproducción de residuos como outputs no deseables. Para la obtención de los precios sombra seutiliza un enfoque basado en la dualidad entre función distancia y función de ingresos propuestopor Färe, Grosskopf, Lovell y Yaisawarng (1993). Los resultados muestran que los preciossombra de los lodos acuosos y aceites industriales usados representan un notable coste deoportunidad para las empresas, cuantifica-ble en términos de pérdidas de producción deseable.Se observa, además, una cierta correlación nega-tiva entre la intensidad de producción deresiduos y el valor absoluto de sus precios sombra, lo que puede reflejar los mayores costesmarginales de la reducción de residuos para aquellas empresas que ya vienen aplicandoprocesos de producción más eficientes en términos medioambientales. Final-mente, secomprueba que las diferencias entre el índice convencional de productividad del trabajo y el índicecorregido están relacionadas en forma estadísticamente significativa con características de lasempresas tales como su dimensión, la realización previa de inversiones en tecnologías limpias yla afiliación al Instituto Tecnológico de la Cerámica AICE.
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Paper provided by Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie) in its series Working Papers. Serie EC with number
1999-19.
Find related papers by JEL classification: C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods and Programming - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis D21 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior L68 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Appliances; Other Consumer Durables
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