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Testing for Breaks Using Alternating Observations

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Author Info
Bunzel, Helle
Iglesias, Emma M.

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Abstract

This paper proposes several new tests for structural change in the multivariate linear regression model. One of the most popular alternatives are Sup-Wald type tests along the lines of Bai, Lumsdaine and Stock (1998), which Bernard,Idoudi, Khalaf and Yélou (2007) show to have very large size distortions, especially for high dimensional systems. They propose the use of Monte Carlo type tests to control for size in finite samples. In this paper we propose several procedures that find a balance between the two previous approaches. We first estimate the break point using alternating observations, and then use the estimated breakpoint to create a test statistic either with the whole sample or with the observations not used for the breakpoint estimation. For the latter approach, it is then possible to use Monte Carlo methods to control size. In contrast to the Sup-Wald type tests, which have non-standard asymptotic distributions, we show that our tests are asymptotically distributed Chisquare using methods similar to those in Andrews (2004). Additionally, our tests stay asymptotically valid even when the distributional assumption made for the Monte Carlo adjustments is incorrect. We illustrate the new test statistics in the univariate context of discount rates and changes in the interest rates, and also in the multivariate setting of the Capital Asset Pricing Model.

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Paper provided by Iowa State University, Department of Economics in its series Staff General Research Papers with number 12694.

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Length: 39 pages
Date of creation: 09 Nov 2006
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Handle: RePEc:isu:genres:12694

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Related research
Keywords: structural stability; structural change; multivariate linear regression model; breaks; Monte Carlo test; CAPM; discount rate;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General
E0 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General

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  1. Dufour, Jean-Marie & Kiviet, Jan F., 1996. "Exact tests for structural change in first-order dynamic models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 39-68, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Jushan Bai, 1997. "Estimation Of A Change Point In Multiple Regression Models," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 79(4), pages 551-563, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Newey, Whitney K & West, Kenneth D, 1987. "A Simple, Positive Semi-definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(3), pages 703-08, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Donald W.K. Andrews, 2002. "The Block-block Bootstrap: Improved Asymptotic Refinements," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1370, Cowles Foundation, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Dufour, Jean-Marie, 2006. "Monte Carlo tests with nuisance parameters: A general approach to finite-sample inference and nonstandard asymptotics," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 133(2), pages 443-477, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Michael J. Dueker, 1992. "The response of market interest rates to discount rate changes," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jul, pages 78-91. [Downloadable!]
  7. Zivot, Eric & Andrews, Donald W K, 1992. "Further Evidence on the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock, and the Unit-Root Hypothesis," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 10(3), pages 251-70, July.
    Other versions:
  8. Hansen, Bruce E, 2002. "Tests for Parameter Instability in Regressions with I(1) Processes," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(1), pages 45-59, January.
    Other versions:
  9. Andrews, Donald W. K., 1987. "Laws of Large Numbers for Dependent Non-Identically Distributed Random Variables," Working Papers 645, California Institute of Technology, Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences. [Downloadable!]
  10. Donald W. K. Andrews, 2003. "Tests for Parameter Instability and Structural Change with Unknown Change Point: A Corrigendum," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(1), pages 395-397, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Gibbons, Michael R., 1982. "Multivariate tests of financial models : A new approach," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 3-27, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Dufour, Jean-Marie & Jasiak, Joann, 2001. "Finite Sample Limited Information Inference Methods for Structural Equations and Models with Generated Regressors," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 42(3), pages 815-43, August.
  13. Bai, Jushan & Lumsdaine, Robin L & Stock, James H, 1998. "Testing for and Dating Common Breaks in Multivariate Time Series," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 65(3), pages 395-432, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Stock, James H & Watson, Mark W, 1996. "Evidence on Structural Instability in Macroeconomic Time Series Relations," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 14(1), pages 11-30, January.
    Other versions:
  15. Jushan Bai & Pierre Perron, 1998. "Estimating and Testing Linear Models with Multiple Structural Changes," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 66(1), pages 47-78, January.
    Other versions:
  16. Dufour, Jean-Marie & Khalaf, Lynda, 2002. "Simulation based finite and large sample tests in multivariate regressions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 111(2), pages 303-322, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  17. Andrews, Donald W K, 1993. "Tests for Parameter Instability and Structural Change with Unknown Change Point," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 61(4), pages 821-56, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
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