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Políticas de Inovação no Brasil e na China do Século XXI

Author

Listed:
  • Roberto Rocha C. Pires
  • Alexandre de Ávila Gomide
  • Lucas Alves Amaral

Abstract

Este artigo analisa a política de revitalização da indústria naval no Brasil desde meados dos anos 2000, sob a perspectiva de seu arranjo político-institucional. Para avaliar as capacidades políticas e técnico-administrativas do arranjo foi elaborada uma comparação entre o atual arranjo, vivido dentro de um contexto democrático pós-1988, e o arranjo político-institucional da indústria naval entre as décadas de 1960 e 1980, período marcado por um desenvolvimentismo burocrático-autoritário. Em 1980, ocorreu forte crise no setor, seguida de um declínio significativo na década de 1990, provocando a quase inexistência desta indústria no país, retomada nos anos 2000 com o apoio de iniciativas, tais como o Programa de Modernização da Indústria Nacional de Petróleo e Gás (PROMINP), o Programa de Modernização e Expansão da Frota (PROMEF) da Petrobras Transporte S. A. (Transpetro) e o Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC),frutos do ativismo estatal com vistas ao desenvolvimento do país. O estudo buscou mapear os principais atores e processos da atual política da indústria naval brasileira, descrevê-los na medida de sua importância para o arranjo político-institucional que sustenta a sua implementação, bem como observar sua estruturação formal e seu funcionamento prático. O objetivo deste trabalho é entender como e em que medida o arranjo atual contribui (ou obstaculiza) a execução da política voltada para a revitalização da indústria naval no país. The article examines governmental policies for the revitalization of the shipbuilding industry in Brazil since the mid-2000s. It analyzes such policies from the perspective of their political-institutional arrangements. In order to evaluate both the political capacities and technical-administrative capacities produced by such arrangements, we compare the contemporary policy efforts, implemented under a democratic environment (post-1988), with those that supported the emergence of the shipbuilding industry in the past (between the 1960s and 1980s), a period characterized by authoritarian rule. After a strong crisis in the sector during the 1980s, the domestic industry was nearly extinguished in the 1990s. However, in the 2000s, the industry reemerges due to a series of government-led initiatives, such as the Program for the Modernization of the Oil and Gas Industry (PROMINP), the Program for the Modernization and Expansion of Naval Fleet (PROMEF), and the Program for the Acceleration of Growth (PAC). The analysis mapped out the main actors and processes involved with current efforts to promote the national naval industry. We describe the implementation processes, both from the perspective of the formal rules and institutions and of their actual operation. Our goal was to understand to which extend the implementation arrangements, and their interfaces with democratic institutions, contribute (or impose obstacles) to the execution of governmental policies targeting the revitalization of the Brazilian shipbuilding industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto Rocha C. Pires & Alexandre de Ávila Gomide & Lucas Alves Amaral, 2013. "Políticas de Inovação no Brasil e na China do Século XXI," Discussion Papers 1864, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1864
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