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Fórum Nacional da Previdência Social: Consensos e Divergências

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  • Felix Garcia Lopez

Abstract

O texto analisa os debates ocorridos durante o Fórum Nacional da Previdência Social (FNPS), em 2007, que teve por objetivo discutir reformas de longo prazo para o sistema previdenciário brasileiro. O fórum congregou representantes das principais instituições de empregadores, trabalhadores e setores do Governo Federal. A pesquisa utilizou como fontes analíticas as atas e gravações das discussões ocorridas nas dezesseis reuniões do fórum, documentos oficiais gerados em função de sua realização e entrevistas com os principais representantes dos três setores. Os resultados mostram que houve pouco avanço em favor de mudanças, em especial por conta das divergências em questões estruturantes das discussões. Entre estas questões está a falta de acordo sobre distinção entre benefícios assistenciais e previdenciários; análise e compreensão do orçamento da seguridade social; e entendimento acerca do propalado déficit potencial. Com relação ao déficit, indaga-se se sua origem seria devida ao alto nível de informalidade do mercado ou às mudanças na estrutura etária da população e aumento da expectativa de vida. O texto conclui ressaltando que a ampla divergência nestas questões estruturantes dificilmente será saneada em discussões ocorridas em estruturas como a do fórum, em especial se os representantes do governo não assumirem posição mais homogênea e incisiva na proposição de mudanças que considerem impostergáveis para o sistema, o que não foi o caso neste FNPS. This paper examines the discussions that took place during the 2007 National Social Welfare Forum (Forum Nacional da Previdência Social, FNPS) which aimed at discussing long-term reforms to the General Social Security System (Regime Geral da Previdência Social, RGPS). The forum brought together representatives from key institutions, including employers, workers and various sectors of the federal government. The research utilized the following as empirical data; the minutes and transcriptions of the discussions that were held during the sixteen forum meetings, official documents generated during the forum, interviews with participants and the opinions of experts on the issues. The results indicate that there was scant agreement on the reforms, particularly on how to structure the issues for discussions concerning social welfare in Brazil. Among these questions was the lack of agreement on (a) the differences between welfare and assistance benefits, (b) how to analyze and understand the Social Security Budget (Orçamento da Seguridade Social) and (c) the nature of the so called deficit. The text concludes that the considerable disagreement on conceptual and analytical issues will unlikely be agreed upon during discussions structured in this type of forum. This is particularly true if government representatives do not take a more homogeneous and incisive stance in proposing changes to the system that they consider pursuing.

Suggested Citation

  • Felix Garcia Lopez, 2009. "Fórum Nacional da Previdência Social: Consensos e Divergências," Discussion Papers 1432, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1432
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