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Dollarization of Liabilities: Beyond the Usual Suspects

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Author Info
Adolfo Barajas
Armando Méndez Morales
Abstract

Dollarization of liabilities (DL) has emerged as a key factor in explaining the vulnerability of emerging markets to financial and currency crises. "Usual suspects" of causing DL comprise "fatalistic" determinants such as a long history of unsound macroeconomic policies and development and institutional factors, aided by moral hazard opportunities related to government guarantees. This paper assesses empirically the relevance of these factors relative to alternative explanations. Based on a sample of Latin American countries, we find that ongoing central bank intervention in the foreign exchange market, relative market power of borrowers, and financial penetration are at least as important in explaining DL.

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Paper provided by International Monetary Fund in its series IMF Working Papers with number 03/11.

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Length: 41 pages
Date of creation: 25 Feb 2003
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Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:03/11

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Keywords: Dollarization Exchange rate regimes Latin America Banking Credit

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Ross Levine, 1997. "Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 35(2), pages 688-726, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Craig Burnside & Martin Eichenbaum & Sergio Rebelo, 1999. "Hedging and Financial Fragility in Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes," NBER Working Papers 7143, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Hausmann, Ricardo & Panizza, Ugo & Stein, Ernesto, 2001. "Why do countries float the way they float?," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(2), pages 387-414, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Carlos Arteta, 2006. "Exchange Rate Regimes and Financial Dollarization: Does Flexibility Reduce Bank Currency Mismatches?," Center for International and Development Economics Research, Working Paper Series 1021, Center for International and Development Economics Research, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
  5. Carlos O. Arteta, 2002. "Exchange rate regimes and financial dollarization: does flexibility reduce bank currency mismatches?," International Finance Discussion Papers 738, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
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  6. Barry Eichengreen & Ricardo Hausmann, 1999. "Exchange Rates and Financial Fragility," NBER Working Papers 7418, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Detragiache, Enrica, 1999. "Does deposit insurance increase banking system stability ? An empirical investigation," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2247, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Hélène Poirson, . "How Do Countries Choose Their Exchange Rate Regime?," IMF Working Papers 01/46, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  9. Adam Bennett & Eduardo Borensztein & Tomás J. T. Baliño, 1999. "Monetary Policy in Dollarized Economies," IMF Occasional Papers 171, International Monetary Fund.
  10. Alain Ize & Eduardo Levy Yeyati, 1998. "Dollarization of Financial Intermediation: Causes and Policy Implications," IMF Working Papers 98/28, International Monetary Fund.
  11. Guillermo A. Calvo & Carmen M. Reinhart, 2000. "Fear of Floating," NBER Working Papers 7993, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Maria del Mar Cacha & Armando Méndez Morales, 2003. "The Role of Supervisory Tools in Addressing Bank Borrowers' Currency Mismatches," IMF Working Papers 03/219, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  2. Alain Ize & Eduardo Levy Yeyati, 2005. "Financial De-Dollarization: Is It for Real?," IMF Working Papers 05/187, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Gianni De Nicoló & Alain Ize & Patrick Honohan, 2003. "Dollarization of the Banking System: Good or Bad?," IMF Working Papers 03/146, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Carlos E. León Rincón & Alejandro Revéiz Herault, 2008. "La dolarización financiera: experiencia internacional y perspectivas para Colombia," Revista de Economía Institucional, Universidad Externado de Colombia - Facultad de Economía, vol. 10(18), pages 313-341, January-J. [Downloadable!]
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  5. Henrique S. Basso & Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez & Marius Jurgilas, 2007. "Financial dollarization - the role of banks and interest rates," Working Paper Series 748, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  6. Alvaro Aguirre & César Calderón, 2005. "Financial Frictions and Real Devaluations," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 318, Central Bank of Chile. [Downloadable!]
  7. Edmar L. Bacha & Márcio Holland & Fernando M. Gonçalves, 2007. "Is Brazil Different? Risk, Dollarization, And Interest In Emerging Markets," Anais do XXXV Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 35th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 028, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pósgraduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics]. [Downloadable!]
  8. Fernando M. Gonçalves & Edmar L. Bacha & Márcio Holland, 2008. "Is Brazil Different? Risk, Dollarization, and Interest Rates in Emerging Markets," IMF Working Papers 07/294, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  9. Salvatore Dell'Erba & Martin Saldías Zambrana, 2006. "Financial Dollarization and Currency Substitution. An Empirical Study for Bolivia America than in Asia?," Kiel Advanced Studies Working Papers 432, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. [Downloadable!]
  10. Jeanne, Olivier, 2003. "Why Do Emerging Economies Borrow in Foreign Currency?," CEPR Discussion Papers 4030, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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