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Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Integration and Geography in Economic Development

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Author Info
Dani Rodrik
Francesco Trebbi
Arvind Subramanian

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Abstract

We estimate the respective contributions of institutions, geography, and trade in determining cross-country income levels using recently developed instruments for institutions and trade. Our results indicate that the quality of institutions "trumps" everything else. Controlling for institutions, geography have at best weak direct effects on incomes, although it has a strong indirect effect through institutions. Similarly, controlling for institutions, trade has a negative, albeit, insignificant direct effect on income, although trade too has a positive effect on institutional quality. We relate our results to recent literature, and where differences exist, trace their origins to choices on samples, specification, and instrumentation.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by International Monetary Fund in its series IMF Working Papers with number 02/189.

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Length: 46 pages
Date of creation: 19 Nov 2002
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Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:02/189

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Related research
Keywords: Development Trade Income

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Sharun Mukand & Dani Rodrik, 2002. "In Search of the Holy Grail: Policy Convergence, Experimentation, and Economic Performance," NBER Working Papers 9134, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Andrei Shleifer & Robert W. Vishny, 1998. "The Quality of Government," Harvard Institute of Economic Research Working Papers 1847, Harvard - Institute of Economic Research.
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  3. Stanley L. Engerman & Kenneth L. Sokoloff, 1994. "Factor Endowments: Institutions, and Differential Paths of Growth Among New World Economies: A View from Economic Historians of the United States," NBER Historical Working Papers 0066, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Angrist, Joshua D & Krueger, Alan B, 1991. "Does Compulsory School Attendance Affect Schooling and Earnings?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 106(4), pages 979-1014, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Daron Acemoglu & Simon Johnson & James A. Robinson, 2001. "The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(5), pages 1369-1401, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Francisco Alcalá & Antonio Ciccone, 2001. "Trade and Productivity," Economics Working Papers 580, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, revised Jul 2002. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Jeffrey A. Frankel & David Romer, 1999. "Does Trade Cause Growth?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(3), pages 379-399, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Douglas A. Irwin & Marko Tervio, 2000. "Does Trade Raise Income? Evidence from the Twentieth Century," NBER Working Papers 7745, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Masters, William A & McMillan, Margaret S, 2001. " Climate and Scale in Economic Growth," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 6(3), pages 167-86, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Jeffrey D. Sachs, 2001. "Tropical Underdevelopment," NBER Working Papers 8119, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. William Easterly & Ross Levine, 2002. "Tropics, Germs, and Crops: How Endowments Influence Economic Development," NBER Working Papers 9106, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. S. Nuri Erbas & Abbas Mirakhor, 2007. "The Equity Premium Puzzle, Ambiguity Aversion, and Institutional Quality," IMF Working Papers 07/230, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  2. Panicos Demetriades & Siong Hook Law, 2004. "Finance, Institutions and Economic Growth," Discussion Papers in Economics 04/5, Department of Economics, University of Leicester. [Downloadable!]
  3. S. Nuri Erbas & Chera L. Sayers, 2006. "Institutional Quality, Knightian Uncertainty, and Insurability: A Cross-Country Analysis," IMF Working Papers 06/179, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  4. Panicos Demetriades & Siong Hook Law, 2006. "Finance, institutions and economic development," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(3), pages 245-260. [Downloadable!]
  5. A. R. Kemal, 2003. "Institutional Change, Growth, and Poverty Levels in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 42(4), pages 299-311. [Downloadable!]
  6. BERTHELIER, Pierre & DESDOIGTS, Alain & OULD AOUDIA , Jacques, 2004. "'Institutional Profiles' : Presentation and Analysis of an Original Database of the Institutional Characteristics of Developing, in Transition and Developed Countries," LEG - Document de travail - Economie 2004-01, LEG, Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion, CNRS UMR 5118, Université de Bourgogne. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Dani Rodrik & Arvind Subramanian, 2004. "From "Hindu Growth" to Productivity Surge: The Mystery of the Indian Growth Transition," NBER Working Papers 10376, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Xavier Sala-i-Martín & Arvind Subramanian, 2003. "Addressing the Natural Resource Curse: An Illustration from Nigeria," Economics Working Papers 685, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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