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A Generalized Fact and Model of Long-Run Economic Growth: Kaldor Fact as a Special Case

Author

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  • Daniel Danxia Xie

    (Peterson Institute for International Economics)

Abstract

This paper provides new evidence on the long-run relationship between economic growth and labor's share in national income, based on a comprehensive panel data set for 123 countries from 1950 to 2004. Xie's primary finding is that labor's share follows a cubic relationship with real GDP per capita over the long process of development. At the beginning of the modern economic growth process, the share of labor in national income first decreases until an initial threshold is reached. After that, labor's share keeps increasing until the country's GDP per capita reaches a second threshold before falling again. Xie argues that these dynamics apply not only to the less developed countries in the postwar years, but also to the advanced countries like the United States and the United Kingdom during their early economic take-offs, starting in the late 18th and 19th century, respectively. Finally, he proposes a two-sector constant elasticity of substitution (CES)-type growth model and simulate the model to replicate and explain the possible mechanism behind such a nonlinear pattern of movements in labor's share.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Danxia Xie, 2011. "A Generalized Fact and Model of Long-Run Economic Growth: Kaldor Fact as a Special Case," Working Paper Series WP11-4, Peterson Institute for International Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:iie:wpaper:wp11-4
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    File URL: https://www.piie.com/publications/working-papers/generalized-fact-and-model-long-run-economic-growth-kaldor-fact-special
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    Cited by:

    1. Macías, Arturo & Matilla-García, Mariano, 2015. "Net energy analysis in a Ramsey–Hotelling growth model," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 562-573.
    2. Xiaojun Lyu & Haiqian Ke, 2022. "Dynamic Threshold Effect of Directed Technical Change Suppress on Urban Carbon Footprint in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-15, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Constant elasticity of substitution; Kaldor fact; Kuznets curve; Labor's share; Structural change;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
    • P21 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist and Transition Economies - - - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles

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