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Movilidad intergeneracional en América Latina

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Author Info
Jere R. Behrman
Alejandro Gaviria
Miguel Székely

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Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) El elevado grado de desigualdad ha sido visto por mucho tiempo como uno de los principales problemas que encaran los países latinoamericanos. Para comprender mejor los factores determinantes de la desigualdad y ayudar a orientar el pensar sobre las opciones de políticas, conviene averiguar primero si la desigualdad obedece o no principalmente a una escasa capacidad de movilización intergeneracional, o si es impulsada por diferencias en características individuales que surgen independientemente del historial familiar. En este trabajo empleamos cinco encuestas de hogares con preguntas sobre las características socioeconómicas de los padres de adultos, y un conjunto de 112 encuestas estándar entre hogares, para analizar la transmisión intergeneracional de escolaridad y el estado ocupacional en América Latina y Estados Unidos. Hallamos que la movilidad intergeneracional es mucho mayor en EE. UU. que en América Latina, que hay diferencias considerables de movilidad dentro de América Latina y que la movilidad en América Latina se relaciona fuertemente con los niveles de escolaridad y los gastos en educación.

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Paper provided by Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department in its series RES Working Papers with number 4268.

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Date of creation: Jun 2001
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Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4268

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    Other versions:
  3. Lam, David & Schoeni, Robert F, 1993. "Effects of Family Background on Earnings and Returns to Schooling: Evidence from Brazil," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 101(4), pages 710-40, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Solon, Gary, 1992. "Intergenerational Income Mobility in the United States," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 82(3), pages 393-408, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Borjas, George J, 1992. "Ethnic Capital and Intergenerational Mobility," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 107(1), pages 123-50, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Michael Kremer & Eric Maskin, 1996. "Wage Inequality and Segregation," Harvard Institute of Economic Research Working Papers 1777, Harvard - Institute of Economic Research.
  7. Alberto Alesina & Eliana La Ferrara, . "Preferences for Redistribution in the Land of Opportunities," Working Papers 178, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Dahan, Momi & Gaviria, Alejandro, 2001. "Sibling Correlations and Intergenerational Mobility in Latin America," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 49(3), pages 537-54, April.
  9. Behrman, Jere R & Taubman, Paul, 1990. "The Intergenerational Correlation between Children's Adult Earnings and Their Parents' Income: Result from the Michigan Panel Survey of Income Dynamics," Review of Income and Wealth, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(2), pages 115-27, June.
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