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¿Explica el teorema Stopler-Samuelson el desplazamiento de los salarios? El vínculo entre el comercio internacional y los salarios en países latinoamericanos

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Author Info
Naoko Shinkai
Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) ¿De qué manera incide la apertura en la brecha de salarios entre los trabajadores calificados y los no calificados? El modelo de comercio de Heckscher-Ohlin (HO) ofrece una predicción de la relación entre salarios y precios. Sin embargo, sus versiones Stolper-Samuelsony de factores específicos (SF) simples hacen predicciones opuestas sobre la correlación entre los precios y los salarios de ciertos tipos de trabajadores (factores específicos en ciertos ramos de actividad) cuando no se usan intensivamente. El análisis de este trabajo ofrece elementos de juicio que pueden permitir distinguir empíricamente entre estas dos versiones del modelo HO, empleando datos de salarios provenientes de encuestas de hogares en varios países latinoamericanos: Bolivia, México y Venezuela. Se analizan dos especificaciones distintas de factores específicos: trabajadores preparados y trabajadores experimentados. En síntesis, los resultados favorecen a SS, cuando se define a los trabajadores preparados como el factor específico de estos países latinoamericanos de finales de los años 80 hasta mediados de los 90.

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Paper provided by Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department in its series RES Working Papers with number 4238.

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Date of creation: Nov 2000
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Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4238

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