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Instituciones políticas, procesos de diseño de políticas y resultados de las políticas en Uruguay

Author

Listed:
  • Mario Bergara
  • Andrés Pereyra
  • Juan Andrés Moraes
  • Daniel Chasquetti
  • Daniel Buquet
  • Adolfo Garcé
  • Rubén Tansini

Abstract

Uruguay genera una variedad de resultados políticos. Primero, hay políticas relativamente estables que permiten la apertura comercial y financiera del país. También, hay políticas de baja calidad e inflexibles relacionadas con políticas sociales, algunas áreas de reforma estatal (los salarios de los funcionarios del estado y mecanismos de contratación), el régimen de bancarrota, etc. Finalmente, estan los resultados volátiles que son generalmente los efectos de choques económicos, algunas veces relacionados con los gastos públicos. En los casos en que hay un precedente histórico o que la disponibilidad de mecanismos externos de cumplimento no conducen a políticas relativamente estables, la principal característica saliente de las políticas Uruguayas es la rigidez. La fuente de rigidez de las políticas Uruguayas parece ser una mezcla de factores institucionales (múltiples vetos, partidos fraccionados, y mecanismos de democracia directa) y conflictos políticos (preferencias de políticas divergentes), en los cuales es muy costoso moverse del status-quo debido a la gran amenaza de un reverso de las políticas. Las instituciones políticas en el Uruguay son propicias a alcanzar un acuerdo político a corto plazo, pero no pueden cooperar efectivamente y establecer políticas estables y flexibles al largo plazo. La dificultad está en conseguir intercambios políticos ínter temporales que son consistentes con las principales características del ambiente político: una cifra alta de principales actores políticos y vetos, una cifra considerable de maniobras políticas inobservables, una pobre aplicación de tecnología en el área económica, una burocracia políticamente influenciada, intercambios políticos que ocurren fuera del ruedo legislativo, y una particular constelación de partidos y preferencias además de un diseño costoso de políticas y cambios institucionales. (Disponible en Inglés)

Suggested Citation

  • Mario Bergara & Andrés Pereyra & Juan Andrés Moraes & Daniel Chasquetti & Daniel Buquet & Adolfo Garcé & Rubén Tansini, 2006. "Instituciones políticas, procesos de diseño de políticas y resultados de las políticas en Uruguay," Research Department Publications 3201, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:3201
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    References listed on IDEAS

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