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Why Has the Border Effect in the Japanese Machinery Sectors Declined? The Role of Business Networks in East Asian-Machinery Trade

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Author Info
Kyoji Fukao
Toshihiro Okubo

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the causes of the decline in Japan's border effect in four machinery industries (electrical, general, precision, and transportation machinery) by estimating gravity equations for Japan's international and interregional trade. In the estimation, we explicitly take account of firms' networks. We find that ownership relations usually enhance trade between two regions (countries); moreover, we find that we can explain 35% of the decline in Japan's border effect from 1980 to 1995 in the electrical machinery industry by the increase of international networks.

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File URL: http://hi-stat.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/research/discussion/2007/pdf/D07-238.pdf
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Paper provided by Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University in its series Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series with number d07-238.

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Date of creation: Feb 2008
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Handle: RePEc:hst:hstdps:d07-238

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Related research
Keywords: Gravity Model; Border Effect; Networks; Fragmentation;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Country and Industry Studies of Trade
F17 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Forecasting and Simulation
F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
L14 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation

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References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Kyoji Fukao & Goushi Kataoka & Arata Kuno, 2003. "How to Measure Non-tariff Barriers? A Critical Examination of the Price-Differential Approach," Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series d03-08, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
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  2. Fukao, Kyoji & Ishido, Hikari & Ito, Keiko, 2003. "Vertical intra-industry trade and foreign direct investment in East Asia," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 468-506, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. James E. Anderson & Eric van Wincoop, 2004. "Trade Costs," NBER Working Papers 10480, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Tomiura, Eiichi, 2003. "Changing economic geography and vertical linkages in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 561-581, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Edward Balistreri & Russell Hillberry, 2006. "Trade frictions and welfare in the gravity model: how much of the iceberg melts?," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 39(1), pages 247-265, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Theresa M. Greaney, 2004. "Measuring network effects on trade: are Japanese affiliates distinctive?," Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series d04-57, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Okubo, Toshihiro, 2007. "Trade bloc formation in inter-war Japan.: A gravity model analysis," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 214-236, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Sanghoon Ahn & Kyoji Fukao & Keiko Ito, 2008. "Outsourcing in East Asia and its impact on the Japanese and Korean Labour Markets," OECD Trade Policy Working Papers 65, OECD, Trade Directorate. [Downloadable!]
  9. Stephen Redding & Anthony J. Venables, 2002. "Explaining Cross-Country Export Performance: International Linkages and Internal Geography," CEP Discussion Papers dp0549, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
  10. Jose Campa & Linda S. Goldberg, 1997. "The Evolving External Orientation of Manufacturing Industries: Evidence from Four Countries," NBER Working Papers 5919, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Robert C. Feenstra & Gordon H. Hanson, 1999. "The Impact Of Outsourcing And High-Technology Capital On Wages: Estimates For The United States, 1979-1990," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 114(3), pages 907-940, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Eiichi Tomiura, 2003. "Changing Economic Geography and Vertical Linkages in Japan," NBER Working Papers 9899, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. James E. Anderson & Eric van Wincoop, 2000. "Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle," Boston College Working Papers in Economics 485, Boston College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  14. Eiichi Tomiura, 2002. "Changing economic geography and vertical linkages in Japan," Discussion Paper Series 133, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, revised Jan 2003. [Downloadable!]
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