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A reassessment of the cost-effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy in Sweden – results based on the Women’s Health Initiative randomised controlled trial

Author

Listed:
  • Zethraeus, Niklas

    (Dept. of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics)

  • Borgström, Fredrik

    (Medical Management Centre at the Karolinska Institute (KI) and Stockholm Health Economics)

  • Jönsson, Bengt

    (Dept. of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics)

  • Kanis, John

    (Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases (WHO Collaborating Centre))

Abstract

The cost-effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) based on a societal perspective is reassessed based on new medical evidence found in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). Within a model framework using an individual state transition model the cost-effectiveness of 50-60 year old women with menopausal symptoms is assessed in Sweden. The Markov model has a 50 year time horizon divided into a cycle length of 1 year. The model consists of the following disease states: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), Stroke, Venous thromboembolic events, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, hip fracture, vertebral fracture and wrist fracture. An intervention is modelled by its impact on the disease risks during and after the cessation of therapy. The model calculates costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) with and without intervention. The resulting cost per gained QALY is compared to the value of a gained QALY, which is set to SEK 600 000. The model requires data on clinical effects, risks, mortality rates, quality of life weights and costs valid for Sweden. The cost-effectiveness ratios are estimated at about SEK 10 000, which is far below the value of a gained QALY. Conditional on that HRT increases the quality of life weight more than 0.013 the therapy is cost-effective. In conclusion, given the new evidence in WHI, there is still a high probability that HRT is a cost-effective strategy for women with menopausal symptoms.

Suggested Citation

  • Zethraeus, Niklas & Borgström, Fredrik & Jönsson, Bengt & Kanis, John, 2004. "A reassessment of the cost-effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy in Sweden – results based on the Women’s Health Initiative randomised controlled trial," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 571, Stockholm School of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:hhs:hastef:0571
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zethraeus, Niklas & Borgström, Fredrik & Johnell, Olof & Kanis, John & Önnby, Karin & Jönsson, Bengt, 2002. "Costs and quality of life associated with osteoporosis related fractures - Results from a Swedish survey," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 512, Stockholm School of Economics.
    2. Joel Tsevat & Lee Goldman & Jane R. Soukup & Gervasio A. Lamas & Kathleen F. Connors & Carole C. Chapin & Thomas H. Lee, 1993. "Stability of Time-tradeoff Utilities in Survivors of Myocardial Infarction," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 13(2), pages 161-165, June.
    3. Richard A. Hirth & Michael E. Chernew & Edward Miller & A. Mark Fendrick & William G. Weissert, 2000. "Willingness to Pay for a Quality-adjusted Life Year," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 20(3), pages 332-342, July.
    4. Meltzer, David, 1997. "Accounting for future costs in medical cost-effectiveness analysis," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 33-64, February.
    5. David Meltzer, 1997. "Accounting for Future Costs in Medical Cost-Effectiveness Analysis," NBER Working Papers 5946, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Zethraeus, Niklas & Lindgren, Peter & Johnell, Olof & Jönsson, Bengt, 2000. "A computer model to analyse the cost-effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy - a revised version," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 368, Stockholm School of Economics.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    cost-effectiveness analysis; hormone replacement therapy; Markov model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D61 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I19 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Other

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