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La rigidité comme paradigme socio-politique

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  • Gilles Saint-Paul

    (PSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres)

Abstract

Dans un monde où les rigidités de marché créent du rationnement, les réseaux sociaux jouent un rôle important dans l'accès aux ressources. Il en résulte un investissement excessif des agents privés dans ces réseaux. Cet investissement excessif peut alors accroître le soutien politique en faveur des politiques rigides; si les individus sont plus ou moins "populaires" et ont plus ou moins de talent pour accroître la taille de leur réseau social, le fait de se trouver dans une société rigide peut donner naissance à un groupe social qui grâce à ses relations privilégiées profite de la rigidité, alors même que celle-ci lui serait néfaste si la société était originellement flexible. Il s'agit en quelque sorte d'une "classe moyenne inférieure" sur le plan économique, mais "supérieure" sur le plan sociologique. On a montré que si ce groupe d.intérêt est suffisamment nombreux, alors une société rigide s'auto-entretient, mais il en va de même pour une société flexible; en d'autres termes il existe des équilibres multiples.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilles Saint-Paul, 2014. "La rigidité comme paradigme socio-politique," PSE Working Papers halshs-01006772, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:psewpa:halshs-01006772
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01006772
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    References listed on IDEAS

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