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Intégration commerciale " socialement responsable " : une approche en termes d'économie politique

Author

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  • Thierry Verdier

    (PJSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

La plupart des économistes pensent que la libéralisation du commerce international entraîne des gains significatifs. Cet optimisme n'est pas de mise dans l'opinion publique qui s'inquiète que la division actuelle des gains tirés du commerce soit injuste et inégalement répartie entre et au sein des pays. Pour comprendre la position de ceux qui font preuve de scepticisme envers la mondialisation et pour répondre à leurs récriminations, les économistes et les décideurs politiques ont besoin de dépasser l'argument selon lequel le commerce entraîne des gains statiques et dynamiques. Ils ont besoin de prêter plus d'attention " aux douleurs du commerce ", à la dimension distributive de l'intégration commerciale et aux interactions entre l'ouverture commerciale et les politiques nationales de redistribution. Après un bref bilan sur les connaissances portant sur les effets distributifs de l'ouverture commerciale, cet article analyse, dans une perspective d'économie politique, les effets en retour de l'intégration commerciale sur la redistribution nationale puis identifie les contraintes de faisabilité économique et politique pour la mise en œuvre " d'un régime commercial avec redistribution ". Adoptant une perspective normative, l'article explore les conditions d'existence d'un régime d'ouverture commerciale " socialement responsable " et étudie les principaux arbitrages associés à la mise en place d'un tel système.

Suggested Citation

  • Thierry Verdier, 2005. "Intégration commerciale " socialement responsable " : une approche en termes d'économie politique," Post-Print halshs-00754061, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00754061
    DOI: 10.3917/edd.194.55
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