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Contrôle et RSE aux frontières de l'entreprise : la gestion responsable de la relation fournisseurs dans les grands groupes industriels

Author

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  • Françoise Quairel

    (DRM - Dauphine Recherches en Management - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

L'importance de l'externalisation et de la sous-traitance est croissante. Dans ce contexte, la chaine d'approvisionnement doit être intégrée au périmètre de responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise (RSE) et par conséquent dans le système de contrôle inter-organisationnel. Cet article analyse comment les grands groupes contrôlent les performances RSE de leur fournisseurs et à quelles conditions ce contrôle est effectif. Le cadre théorique s'appuie sur les trois formes de contrôle inter firme : contrôle par le marché, par la bureaucratie, par la confiance et le réseau. La recherche empirique porte sur l'étude de la RSE dans la gestion des relations fournisseurs de cinq groupes industriels considérés comme pro-actifs dans ce domaine. Le contrôle par le marché n'intègre pas effectivement la RSE ; le contrôle bureaucratique met en place des codes de conduite, des évaluations des performances RSE des fournisseurs, des audits. Les fournisseurs sont alors placés dans une injonction contradictoire entre une pression pour un prix le plus bas possible et des contraintes de stricte conformité à des procédures et à des codes de conduite. Le troisième mode de contrôle est un contrôle social, basé sur la confiance ; Il est adapté aux caractéristiques des attentes en matière de RSE : résultats non mesurables, critères d'évaluation peu précis, perspective gagnant-gagnant au sein d'un partenariat. Cependant cette forme n'est mise en oeuvre que dans un très petit nombre de cas, alors que les relations fournisseurs analysées sont contrôlées par le marché ou la bureaucratie. Il existe un fossé important entre le discours messianique des grandes entreprises étudiées et l'effectivité des dispositifs de contrôle RSE qu'elles mettent en oeuvre dans leur chaine d'approvisionnement.

Suggested Citation

  • Françoise Quairel, 2007. "Contrôle et RSE aux frontières de l'entreprise : la gestion responsable de la relation fournisseurs dans les grands groupes industriels," Post-Print halshs-00544956, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00544956
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00544956
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    References listed on IDEAS

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