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How to Deal with Missing Categorical Data: Test of a Simple Bayesian Method

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Astebro

    (Joseph L. Rotman School of Management - University of Toronto)

  • Gongyue Chen

    (University of Waterloo [Waterloo])

Abstract

The authors analyze the efficiency of six missing data techniques for categorical item nonresponse under the assumption that data are missing at random or missing completely at random. By efficiency, the authors mean a procedure that produces an unbiased estimate of true sample properties that is also easy to implement. The investigated techniques include listwise deletion, mode substitution, random imputation, two regression imputations, and a Bayesian model-based procedure. The authors analyze efficiency under six experimental conditions for a survey-based data set. They find that listwise deletion is efficient for the data analyzed. If data loss due to listwise deletion is an issue, the analysis points to the Bayesian method. Regression imputation is also efficient, but the result is conditioned on the specific data structure and may not hold in general. Additional problems arise when using regression imputation, making it less appropriate.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Astebro & Gongyue Chen, 2003. "How to Deal with Missing Categorical Data: Test of a Simple Bayesian Method," Post-Print hal-00477167, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00477167
    DOI: 10.1177/1094428103254672
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    Cited by:

    1. Toktaş-Palut, Peral & Baylav, Ecem & Teoman, Seyhan & Altunbey, Mustafa, 2014. "The impact of barriers and benefits of e-procurement on its adoption decision: An empirical analysis," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 77-90.
    2. Refait-Alexandre, Catherine & Serve, Stéphanie, 2020. "Multiple banking relationships: Do SMEs mistrust their banks?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    3. Ferrari, Pier Alda & Annoni, Paola & Barbiero, Alessandro & Manzi, Giancarlo, 2011. "An imputation method for categorical variables with application to nonlinear principal component analysis," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(7), pages 2410-2420, July.
    4. Alireza Motaghifard & Manouchehr Omidvari & Abolfazl Kazemi, 2023. "Forecasting of safe-green buildings using decision tree algorithm: data mining approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(9), pages 10323-10350, September.
    5. Åstebro, Thomas & Thompson, Peter, 2011. "Entrepreneurs, Jacks of all trades or Hobos?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 637-649, June.
    6. Astebro, Thomas & Bernhardt, Irwin, 2003. "Start-up financing, owner characteristics, and survival," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 303-319.

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