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Reverse Importing and Asymmetric Trade and FDI: A Networks Explanation

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Author Info
Theresa Greaney () (Department of Economics, University of Hawaii at Manoa)

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Abstract

This paper considers the impact of business and social networks on international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). I propose that differences in the strength of network effects across countries can produce asymmetric trade and investment flows that may lead to trade friction. This proposition is examined using a model of multi-product producers of a differentiated product. A firm from a country with strong network effects has a cost advantage in selling to buyers from its own country. This advantage results in lower inward FDI, lower total imports but larger volumes of reverse imports (i.e., imports from overseas affiliates of that country’s own firms) into the country with strong network effects. The model’s predictions match observed asymmetric trade and investment flows that sometimes lead to US-Japan trade friction in industries such as automobiles.

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File URL: http://www.economics.hawaii.edu/research/workingpapers/WP_02-15.pdf
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File Function: First version, 2002
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Publisher Info
Paper provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number 200215.

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Length: 37 pages
Date of creation: 2002
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:hai:wpaper:200215

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Related research
Keywords: Multinational corporations; Intra-industry Trade; Foreign Direct Investment; Reverse Imports; Networks;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Rauch, James E., 1999. "Networks versus markets in international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 7-35, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Greaney, Theresa M., 2001. "Promoting Imports to Appease Trade Partners: Japan's New Trade Policies," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 253-270, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. McLaren, John, 1999. "Supplier relations and the market context: A theory of handshakes," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 121-138, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Brander, James A & Eaton, Jonathan, 1984. "Product Line Rivalry," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 74(3), pages 323-34, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Feenstra, Robert C. & Rauch, James E., 1999. "Symposium on business and social networks in international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 1-1, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Baldwin, Richard E. & Ottaviano, Gianmarco I. P., 2001. "Multiproduct multinationals and reciprocal FDI dumping," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(2), pages 429-448, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Greaney, Theresa M., 1997. "A model of decentralized multinational investment in product development activities," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 315-333, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Spencer, Barbara J & Qiu, Larry D, 2001. "Keiretsu and Relationship-Specific Investment: A Barrier to Trade?," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 42(4), pages 871-901, November.
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  9. K.C. Fung, 1991. "Characteristics of Japanese Industrial Groups and Their Potential Impact on U. S . - Japanese Trade," NBER Chapters, in: Empirical Studies of Commercial Policy, pages 137-168 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  10. James E. Rauch & Vitor Trindade, 1999. "Ethnic Chinese Networks in International Trade," NBER Working Papers 7189, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Keith Head & John Ries, 1998. "Immigration and Trade Creation: Econometric Evidence from Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 31(1), pages 47-62, February.
  12. Casella, Alessandra & Rauch, James E., 2002. "Anonymous market and group ties in international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1), pages 19-47, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Bruce Blonigen & Rossitza B. Wooster, 2003. "CEO Turnover and Foreign Market Participation," NBER Working Papers 9527, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Toshihiro Okubo, 2004. "Intra-industry Trade and Production Networks," HEI Working Papers 13-2004, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies. [Downloadable!]
  3. Arribas, Iván & Pérez, Francisco & Tortosa-Ausina, Emili, 2006. "Measuring International Economic Integration: Theory and Evidence of Globalization," MPRA Paper 16010, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2006. [Downloadable!]
  4. Kyoji Fukao; Toshihiro Okubo, 2004. "Why Has the Border Effect in the Japanese Market Declined?," HEI Working Papers 12-2004, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies. [Downloadable!]
  5. Theresa M. Greaney, 2004. "Measuring network effects on trade: are Japanese affiliates distinctive?," Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series d04-57, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Arribas, Iván & Pérez, Francisco & Tortosa-Ausina, Emili, 2008. "On the Dynamics of Globalization," MPRA Paper 16007, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2008. [Downloadable!]
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