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Vermögen in Österreich

Author

Listed:
  • Eckerstorfer, Paul
  • Halak, Johannes
  • Kapeller, Jakob
  • Schütz, Bernhard
  • Springholz, Florian
  • Wildauer, Rafael

Abstract

Der Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) der europäischen Zentralbank (EZB) stellt die erste umfassende Erhebung zu Vermögen privater Haushalte in 15 Ländern der Eurozone, darunter auch Österreich, dar. Somit ermöglicht der HFCS erstmalig eine genaue Analyse der österreichischen Vermögensbestände sowie der Vermögensverteilung. Trotz akribischer Erhebung der Daten durch die Österreichische Nationalbank (OeNB) und das Institut für empirische Sozialforschung (IFES) besteht bei dieser Erhebung das Problem der fehlenden oder unzureichenden Erfassung der obersten Vermögensbestände, die in den Händen einiger weniger Haushalte konzentriert sind. Damit geht eine systematische Unterschätzung des Gesamtvermögens privater Haushalte in Österreich sowie eine Verzerrung der tatsächlichen Vermögensverteilung einher. Um diese Verzerrung zu kompensieren empfiehlt die einschlägige wissenschaftliche Literatur die Verwendung der Pareto-Verteilung. Bei dieser Methode wird unter Zuhilfenahme statistischer Tests postuliert, dass sich der oberste Rand der Vermögensverteilung durch eben jene Pareto-Verteilung näherungsweise darstellen lässt. In dem solcherart korrigierten Datensatz steigt das Gesamtvermögen der privaten Haushalte von etwa 1.000 Mrd. Euro auf 1.249 Mrd. Euro an. Besonders stark wirkt sich die Korrektur der Nicht- und Untererfassung auf den Vermögensbestand des reichsten Prozents aller Haushalte aus. Dieser steigt von durchschnittlich 6,4 Millionen Euro um 98,6% auf 12,7 Millionen Euro. Daraus ergibt sich unter anderem, dass die reichsten 10% der ÖsterreicherInnen nicht 61% (HFCS) sondern 69% des Gesamtvermögens besitzen. Dieses Ergebnis ist auch für die Frage einer möglichen Vermögensbesteuerung von Bedeutung, da das geschätzte Steueraufkommen aus einer etwaigen Vermögensbesteuerung direkt mit dem geschätzten Gesamtvermögen und seiner Verteilung zusammenhängt.

Suggested Citation

  • Eckerstorfer, Paul & Halak, Johannes & Kapeller, Jakob & Schütz, Bernhard & Springholz, Florian & Wildauer, Rafael, 2014. "Vermögen in Österreich," Greenwich Papers in Political Economy 23617, University of Greenwich, Greenwich Political Economy Research Centre.
    • Handle: RePEc:gpe:wpaper:23617
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stefan Humer & Mathias Moser & Matthias Schnetzer, 2014. "Sozioökonomische Charakteristika der Millionärshaushalte in Österreich," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 40(4), pages 649-657.
    2. Stefan Humer & Mathias Moser & Matthias Schnetzer, 2015. "Socioeconomic structures of the Austrian wealth distribution," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 42(2), pages 269-289, May.
    3. Hilde Weiss & Julia Hofmann, 2016. "Reichtum - Legitimation und Kritik," Working Paper Reihe der AK Wien - Materialien zu Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft 153, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik.
    4. Oliver Picek, 2018. "Kann nationale Konjunkturpolitik noch Beschäftigung schaffen?," Working Paper Reihe der AK Wien - Materialien zu Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft 180, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik.

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