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Costos de transacción en la agricultura peruana: una primera aproximación a su medición e impacto

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Abstract

El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar empíricamente los factores que determinan las estrategias de vinculación al mercado de los productores agrarios en el Perú. Asimismo, estudia el papel de los costos de transacción en el comportamiento de los hogares rurales. Además, la investigación plantea e implementa una propuesta metodológica para cuantificar los costos de transacción. Los resultados muestran que los costos de transacción en el área bajo estudio (los distritos de Pazos y Huaribamba, en Tayacaja, Huancavelica) equivalen a 50 % del valor de venta y son apreciablemente más altos (60 %) para los productores conectados al mercado a través de caminos de herradura que para aquellos vinculados al mercado a través de caminos carrozables, confirmando la importancia de la inversión en infraestructura de caminos rurales. Se confirma también que los costos de transacción son bastante mayores para los pequeños que para los grandes productores (67 % frente a 32 % del valor de venta). Los resultados muestran que no sólo la distancia o el tiempo al mercado son variables cruciales para explicar la estrategia de vinculación al mercado (esto es, cuánto vender y a qué mercado), sino también diversos indicadores como la experiencia del productor en el mercado donde opera, la estabilidad de sus relaciones con los agentes con que comercia y los recursos que invierte en obtener información relevante y en supervisar el cumplimiento de los contratos implícitos asociados a las transacciones realizadas.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Escobal D’Angelo, 2001. "Costos de transacción en la agricultura peruana: una primera aproximación a su medición e impacto," Documentos de Investigación dt30, Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE).
  • Handle: RePEc:gad:doctra:dt30
    Note: Documento de Trabajo, 30
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dirven, Martine, 2004. "Rural non-farm employment and rural diversity in Latin America," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Agricultura; Costos de transacción; Comercio agrícola; Agriculture; Transaction costs; Agricultural trade; Peru;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness

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