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Wal-Mart e suas reestruturações empresariais para disputar o mercado mundial do varejo

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Author Info
Armando João Dalla Costa (Department of Economics, Universidade Federal do Paraná)

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Abstract

Pelos dados da Wal Mart, a Companhia tinha, no início de 2004, 1.478 Lojas de descontos, 1.471 Supercenters, 538 Sam’s Clubs e 64 Mercados de vizinhança nos EUA. Em outros nove países operava 982 Lojas de descontos, 257 Supercenters, 80 Sam’s Clubs e 36 Mercados de vizinhança, totalizando 4.906 lojas. No ano passado teve um faturamento bruto de 256 bilhões de dólares, um lucro líquido de US$ 6,6 bilhões e contava com cerca de 1,5 milhão de funcionários. Analisar a história desta empresa que iniciou suas atividades em Bentonville, pequena cidade no sudoeste americano em 1945 e acompanhar seu crescimento, é como verificar a evolução do varejo e o papel dos “managers” das grandes empresas americanas, neste caso, desempenhado por Sam Walton e seus sucessores. Para dar continuidade à empresa, após sua morte, Walton providenciou uma significativa presença da família atuando no conselho de administração, deixando o papel da direção executiva nas mãos de diretores profissionais. A partir de 1992, assim constituída, a nova direção da Wal-Mart empreendeu uma bem montada estratégia de ocupação do mercado internacional, no sentido de disputar não só as vendas nos Estados Unidos, mas de estabelecer-se em cerca de vinte países que lhes permitam uma forte presença internacional.

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Paper provided by Universidade Federal do Paraná, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number 003.

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Length: 27 pages
Date of creation: 2004
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Handle: RePEc:fup:wpaper:0003

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Related research
Keywords: Wal-Mart; empresa multinacional; economia industrial; estratégias de expansão; varejo;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
L - Industrial Organization
L8 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services
L81 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce

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References listed on IDEAS
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  3. Márcio José Vargas da Cruz & Luciano Nakabashi & Gabriel Porcile & Fábio Dória Scatolin, 2007. "Uma Análise Do Impacto Da Composição Ocupacional Sobre O Crescimento Da Economia Brasileira," Anais do XXXV Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 35th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 052, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pósgraduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics]. [Downloadable!]
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  5. Hanson, Gordon H., 1998. "Regional adjustment to trade liberalization," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 419-444, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Frederico Gonzaga Jayme Junior, 2001. "Balance-of-payments constrained economic growth in Brazil," Textos para Discussão Cedeplar-UFMG td155, Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. [Downloadable!]
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    • Edward L. Glaeser & Hedi D. Kallal & Jose A. Scheinkman & Andrei Shleifer, 1991. "Growth in Cities," NBER Working Papers 3787, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Schneider, Friedrich & Frey, Bruno S., 1985. "Economic and political determinants of foreign direct investment," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 161-175, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Nelson H. Barbosa Filho, 2004. "Growth, exchange rates and trade in Brazil: a structuralist post-Keynesian approach," Nova Economia, Economics Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil), vol. 14(2), pages 59-86, May-Augus. [Downloadable!]
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  10. Thirlwall, Anthony P & Hussain, Mohammed Nureldin, 1982. "The Balance of Payments Constraint, Capital Flows and Growth Rate Differences between Developing Countries," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 34(3), pages 498-510, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Curado, Marcelo & Porcile, Gabriel & Bahry, Thaiza Regina, 2002. "Crescimento com restrição no balanço de pagamentos e fragilidade financeira no sentido minskyano: uma abordagem macroeconômica para a América Latina," Revista Economia e Sociedade, Instituto de Economia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), vol. 20, pages 17, January. [Downloadable!]
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