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Do banks follow their customers abroad?

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Author Info
Daniel E. Nolle
Rama Seth
Abstract

The market share of U.S. business loans made by foreign-owned banks has increased dramatically since 1980. At the same time, foreign direct investment in the U.S. rose, so that much of the increase in foreign-owned U.S.-based bank lending to businesses in the U.S. could conceivably be accounted for by an increase in loans to the U.S. affiliates of firms headquartered abroad, an expectation in line with the conventional wisdom that bans "follow their customers" abroad. Our study investigates the lending patterns of U.S.-based banks from Japan, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the U.K., countries which account for the vast majority of foreign-owned bank activity in the U.S. Simultaneously, we look at the borrowing patterns of U.S. nonbank affiliates of firms from those countries. We find that banks from four of the six countries (Japan, Canada, the Netherlands, and the U.K.) allocated a majority of their loans to non-home country borrowers, for some or all of the 1981-92 period. That result suggests that the "follow the customer" hypothesis may have a more limited applicability than previously supposed.

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Paper provided by Federal Reserve Bank of New York in its series Research Paper with number 9620.

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Date of creation: 1996
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Handle: RePEc:fip:fednrp:9620

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Keywords: Banking market ; Banks and banking ; Banks and banking; Foreign;

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Goldberg, Lawrence G. & Saunders, Anthony, 1981. "The determinants of foreign banking activity in the United States," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 17-32, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Sun Bae Kim & Ramon Moreno, 1994. "Stock prices and bank lending behavior in Japan," FRBSF Economic Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Feb 11. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Gary C. Zimmerman, 1989. "The growing presence of Japanese banks in California," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Sum, pages 3-17. [Downloadable!]
  4. Goldberg, Lawrence G & Saunders, Anthony, 1980. "The Causes of U.S. Bank Expansion Overseas: The Case of Great Britain," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 12(4), pages 630-43, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. George Budzeika, 1991. "Determinants of the growth of foreign banking assets in the United States," Research Paper 9112, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
  6. Hultman, Charles W. & Randolph McGee, L., 1989. "Factors affecting the foreign banking presence in the U.S," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 383-396, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Sun Bae Kim, 1992. "Agency costs and the firm's ownership structure: the Japanese evidence," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, pages 656-685.
  8. Chan Huh & Sun Bae Kim, 1994. "How bad is the "bad loan problem" in Japan?," FRBSF Economic Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Sep 23. [Downloadable!]
  9. Grosse, Robert & Goldberg, Lawrence G., 1991. "Foreign bank activity in the United States: An analysis by country of origin," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 1093-1112, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Gray, Jean M. & Gray, H. Peter, 1981. "The multinational bank: A financial MNC?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 33-63, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Flath, David, 1993. "Shareholding in the Keiretsu, Japan's Financial Groups," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 75(2), pages 249-57, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Hoshi, Takeo & Kashyap, Anil & Scharfstein, David, 1991. "Corporate Structure, Liquidity, and Investment: Evidence from Japanese Industrial Groups," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 106(1), pages 33-60, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Joe Peek & Eric S. Rosengren, 1999. "Determinants of the Japan Premium: Actions Speak Louder Than Words," NBER Working Papers 7251, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Yongil Jeon & Stephen M. Miller, 2002. "The Performance of Domestic and Foreign Banks: The Case of Korea and the Asian Financial Crisis," Working papers 2002-28, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  3. Joe Peek & Eric S. Rosengren, 1996. "The International Transmission of Financial Shocks: The Case of Japan," Boston College Working Papers in Economics 357, Boston College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  4. Claessens, Stijn & Glaessner, Tom, 1998. "The internationalization of financial services in Asia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1911, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  5. Joe Peek & Eric S. Rosengren, 2000. "Implications of the globalization of the banking sector: the Latin American experience," Conference Series ; [Proceedings], Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, issue Jun, pages 145-185. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Joe Peek & Eric S. Rosengren, 1998. "Japanese banking problems: implications for Southeast Asia," Working Papers 98-7, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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