People are having longer retirement periods, and population growth is slowing and has even stopped in some countries. In this paper we determined the implications of these changes for the needed amount of government debt. The needed debt is near zero if there are high tax rates and the transfer share of gross national income (GNI) is high. But, with such a system there are huge dead-weight losses as the result of the high tax rate on labor income. With a savings system, a large government debt to annual GNI ratio is needed, as large as 5 times GNI, and welfare is as much as 24 percent higher in terms of lifetime consumption equivalents than the tax-and-transfer system.
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Paper provided by Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis in its series Working Papers with number
648.
References listed on IDEAS Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
Ellen R. McGrattan & Edward C. Prescott, 2000.
"Is the stock market overvalued?,"
Quarterly Review,
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, issue Fall, pages 20-40.
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