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The impact of vacant, tax-delinquent, and foreclosed property on sales prices of neighboring homes

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  • Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
  • Stephan D. Whitaker

Abstract

In this empirical analysis, we estimate the impact of vacancy, neglect associated with property-tax delinquency, and foreclosures on the value of neighboring homes using parcel-level observations. Numerous studies have estimated the impact of foreclosures on neighboring properties, and these papers theorize that the foreclosure impact works partially through creating vacant and neglected homes. To our knowledge, this is only the second attempt to estimate the impact of vacancy itself and the first to estimate the impact of tax-delinquent properties on neighboring home sales. We link vacancy observations from Postal Service data with property-tax delinquency and sales data from Cuyahoga County (the county encompassing Cleveland, Ohio). We estimate hedonic price models with corrections for spatial autocorrelation. We find that an additional property within 500 feet that is vacant, delinquent, or both reduces the home?s selling price by at least 1.3 percent. In low-poverty areas, tax-current foreclosed homes have large negative impacts of 4.6 percent. In high-poverty areas, we observe positive correlations of sale prices with tax-current foreclosures and negative correlations with tax-delinquent foreclosures. This may reflect selective foreclosing on better-maintained properties or better maintenance by tax-paying foreclosure auction winners. The marginal medium-poverty census tracts display the largest negative responses to vacancy and delinquency in nearby nonforeclosed homes.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas J. Fitzpatrick & Stephan D. Whitaker, 2012. "The impact of vacant, tax-delinquent, and foreclosed property on sales prices of neighboring homes," Working Papers (Old Series) 1123, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedcwp:1123
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    Cited by:

    1. Alm, James & Hawley, Zackary & Lee, Jin Man & Miller, Joshua J., 2016. "Property tax delinquency and its spillover effects on nearby properties," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 71-77.
    2. Chan, Sewin & Gedal, Michael & Been, Vicki & Haughwout, Andrew, 2013. "The role of neighborhood characteristics in mortgage default risk: Evidence from New York City," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 100-118.
    3. Ingrid Gould Ellen & Josiah Madar & Mary Weselcouch, 2015. "The Foreclosure Crisis and Community Development: Exploring REO Dynamics in Hard-Hit Neighborhoods," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(4), pages 535-559, July.
    4. Thomas J. Fitzpatrick & Lisa Nelson & Francisca Richter & Stephan D. Whitaker, 2012. "The effect of local housing ordinances," Working Papers (Old Series) 12-40, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    5. Stephan Whitaker & Thomas J. Fitzpatrick IV, 2016. "Land Bank 2.0: An Empirical Evaluation," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(1), pages 156-175, January.
    6. Elora Raymond, 2016. "Negative equity in the Sixth Federal Reserve District," FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper 2016-1, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    7. Johnson, Michael P. & Solak, Senay & Drew, Rachel Bogardus & Keisler, Jeffrey, 2013. "Property value impacts of foreclosed housing acquisitions under uncertainty," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 292-308.
    8. Dan Immergluck & Jonathan Law, 2014. "Investing in Crisis: The Methods, Strategies, and Expectations of Investors in Single-Family Foreclosed Homes in Distressed Neighborhoods," Housing Policy Debate, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 568-593, July.

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    Keywords

    Foreclosure; Housing - Prices;

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